Jump to content

Yaƙin Bani Musɗaliƙ

Daga wikishia
Wannan maƙala tana magana ne game da Yaƙin Bani Muṣɗaliƙ. Domin samun ƙarin bayani game da ƙabilar da ke da wannan suna, duba shafin ƙabilar Bani Musɗaliƙ
Yaƙin Bani Musɗaliƙ
Wurin da kabilar Bani Musɗaliƙtake
Wurin da kabilar Bani Musɗaliƙtake
LokaciWatan Sha'aban shekara ta biyar ko shida hijira
WuriKusa da ruwan Muraisi
DaliliFitowar Bani Musɗaliƙ gaba-gaba da shirya kansu don yaƙi da Musulmi.
SakamakoNasarar Musulmi.
Masu yaƙi
Ɓangarori biyu na yaƙiMusulmai
Ƙabilar Bani Musɗaliƙ
Sojoji
Rundunar Musulmi ƙarƙashin kwamandancin Sayyidina Muhammad (S.A.W)
Haris Bin Abi Dirar shi ne Kwamandan Bani Musɗaliƙ
Asara
HasaraGudun wasu daga Bani Musɗaliƙ, kashe wasu daga cikinsu, da kama mata da yara a matsayin fursunoni.


Yaƙin Bani Musɗaliƙ ko kuma Gazwar Muraisi na ɗaya daga cikin yaƙe-yaƙen Annabi (S.A.W), wanda ya faru domin tunkarar ƙabilar Bani Musɗaliƙ a shekara ta biyar ko ta shida bayan Hijira. A wannan yaƙi, Abu Zar Gifari shi ne wakilin Annabi (S.A.W) a Madina, kuma wasu munafukai sun bi rundunar Musulmi domin neman ganimar yaƙi.

Annabi (S.A.W) ya fara kiran ƙabilar Bani Musɗaliƙ zuwa Musulunci; amma bayan sun ƙi karɓa kuma suka fara harbi kan sojojin Musulmi, sai Annabi (S.A.W) ya ba da umarnin fara yaƙi.

Bisa ga ruwayoyin tarihi, bayan nasarar Musulmi, an kama kusan fursunoni 200, tare da ganima da ta haɗa da raƙuma 2000 da tumaki 5000. An raba ganimar tsakanin Musulmi, kuma 'yantar da fursunoni ya kasance bisa biyan fidya da Annabi (S.A.W) ya ƙayyade.

Juwairiyya Ƴar Haris shugaban ƙabilar BanI Musɗaliƙ, ta shiga cikin fursunonin wannan yaƙi. Annabi (S.A.W) ya biya fidyarta ya ƴantar da ita, sannan ta karɓi Musulunci kuma ta auri Annabi (S.A.W).

Bisa ga wasu rahotannin litattafan tafsiran Alƙur'ani, ayoyi na farko zuwa na takwas na Suratul Munafiƙun sun sauka ne dangane da halayen munafukai a cikin wannan yaƙi, musamman Abdullahi Bin Ubayyi. Haka kuma an ce abin da aka sani da Waƙi'ar Ifku ya faru ne bayan dawowa daga wannan yaƙi.

Dalilin Faruwar Yaƙin

Yaƙin Bani Musɗaliƙ[1] ko Ghazwar Muraisi[2] na daga cikin yaƙe-yaƙen Annabi (S.A.W), wanda bisa ruwayar tarihi ya faru a shekara ta biyar[3] ko ta shida bayan Hijira.[4] A cewar wasu rahotannin tarihi, an kai wa Annabi (S.A.W) labari cewa Haris Bin Abi Dirar, shugaban ƙabilar Bani Musɗaliƙ wadda ke cikin ƙabilar Khuza'a tare da mutanensa da wasu ƙabilu na Larabawa suna shirin yaƙi da Musulmi.[5] Bani Musɗaliƙ suna da alaƙa ta kusa da Ƙuraishawa, kuma saboda bukatun kasuwancinsu sun ƙi karɓar Musulunci, kuma Annabi (S.A.W) ya yi haƙuri da su kafin hakan.[6]

Annabi (S.A.W) domin tabbatar da wannan labari, ya aika Buraida Bin Husaibi domin bincike a sansanin abokan gaba. Bayan tabbatar da sahihancin labari, Annabi (S.A.W) ya ba da umarnin tura rundunar Musulmi zuwa gare su.[7] Waƙidi ya ruwaito cewa a lokacin tafiya, wasu munafukai[8] sun bi rundunar Annabi (S.A.W) saboda kusancin wurin yaƙin da kuma neman ganima.[9] A cewar Andalusi, Annabi (S.A.W) ya naɗa Abu Zar Gifari a matsayin wakilinsa a Madina a lokacin tafiya.[10] Amma wasu masana tarihi sun ambaci Numayla bn Abdullahi Allaisi[11] da Zayd bn Ḥaritha a matsayin waɗanda suka wakilci Annabi (S.A.W) a Madina.[12]

Taswirar (zane na wurin) yaƙin Bani Musɗalaƙ

Ƙarshen Yaƙin

A cewar Ṣaliḥi Dimashqi (ɗaya daga cikin masu tarihin ƙarni na 10 Hijira), yayin tafiyar Annabi (S.A.W) zuwa Bani Mustalaq, an kama wani ɗan leƙen asiri na Haris da Musulmi. Ya ƙi bayar da bayani kuma ya ƙi karɓar Musulunci, saboda haka Annabi (S.A.W) ya umarci a kashe shi.[13] Wannan ya jefa tsoro a cikin Haris da mutanensa, har sauran ƙabilu suka watse.[14]

Lokacin da aka isa yankin al-Muraisi, Annabi (S.A.W) ya shirya runduna: Ya ba tutar Muhajirun ga Ammar Bin Yasir (ko wasu ruwayoyi sun ce Abubakar) Ya ba tutar Ansar ga Sa'ad Bin Ubada.[15]

Annabi (S.A.W) ya fara kiran su zuwa Musulunci, amma suka ƙi kuma suka fara harbi, sai aka ba da umarnin yaƙi.[16] Musulmi suka kai hari suna cewa: “Ya Mansur Amit!” (Ya mai nasara, kashe su!)[17]

A wannan yaƙin, an kashe mutum goma daga cikin sahabban Harith, sauran kuma an kama su a matsayin fursunoni,[18] sannan wasu sun tsere.[19] Haka kuma an samu ganima mai yawa ga rundunar Musulmi.[20] Masanin tarihi Ṭabari ya ruwaito cewa Hashim bin Ḍibabah, yayin dawowa daga bin abokan gaba, wani Musulmi ya kashe shi bisa kuskure,[21] sai Annabi (S.A.W) ya umarci a biya diyyarsa.[22]

Raba Ganima

A cewar Waƙidi a cikin littafinsa al-Maghazi, bayan an gama yaƙin, Annabi (S.A.W) ya naɗa Buraida Bin Ḥusaibi domin kula da fursunoni, sannan ya umarci a yi musu mu'amala cikin tausayi da sauƙi.[23] Haka kuma an tattara dukkan ganimar yaƙi, wato dukiya, makamai da dabbobi, a wuri guda, kuma bisa umarnin Annabi (S.A.W), bawansa Shaƙran ya kasance mai kula da su.[24] Don ware khumusi da kuma rabon da ya kamata Musulmi su samu, an zaɓi Muḥmiyya bin Juz.[25]

Bisa ga ruwayoyin tarihi, an samu fursunoni 200, da rakuma 2,000 da kuma tumaki 5,000 a matsayin ganimar Yaƙin Bani Musɗalaƙ.[26] Wasu majiyoyi sun ruwaito cewa Annabi (S.A.W) ya fara ware khumusin ganimar, sannan ya rarraba dukiyoyi da dabbobin tsakanin Musulmi.[27]

Yayin rabon ganima, an ƙiyasta rakumi ɗaya daidai da tumaki goma. An kuma ware kashi biyu ga doki, kashi ɗaya ga mai dokin, sannan kashi ɗaya ga kowane mayaƙin ƙafa.[28]

Majiyoyi daban-daban sun bayyana cewa domin kula da fursunoni, Annabi (S.A.W) ya rarraba su tsakanin Musulmi. Haka kuma ya sanya fansar kuɓutarwa (fidiya) ga fursunonin. An ce fansar kowace mace da kowane yaro ita ce rakuma shida. Mutane daga Bani Musɗaliƙ suna zuwa Madina su biya fansa domin su kuɓutar da danginsu. Haka kuma an ruwaito cewa an saki wasu daga cikin fursunonin ba tare da an karɓi fansa ba.[29]

Auren Annabi (S.A.W) Da Juwairiyya

A lokacin rabon fursunoni, an ba Sabit Bin Ƙaisi amanar kula da Juwairiyya Ƴar Haris bin Abi Ḍirar (shugaban kabilar Khuza'a).[30] A cewar Tarihin Ṭabari, Sabit Bin Ƙaisi ya yi yarjejeniya da ita cewa idan ta biya wani adadin kuɗi (zinariya), za a sake ta.[31]

Juwairiyya ta je wajen Annabi (S.A.W) domin neman ƴancinta, kuma bayan ta furta tauhidi, ta roƙe shi ya taimaka wajen biyan fansarta. Annabi (S.A.W) ya biya kuɗin ‘yancinta sannan ya aure ta.[32]

Wannan labari ya bazu tsakanin mutane, sai Musulmi suka ga cewa dukkan matan Bani Musɗaliƙ suna da dangantaka da Annabi (S.A.W), saboda haka suka ƴantar da su gaba ɗaya.[33]

Wasu ruwayoyi kuma sun ce sharadin aurenta shi ne a saki dukkan fursunoni, ko guda 100, ko 40 daga mutanenta.[34]

Saukar Ayoyin Farkon Suratul al-Munafiƙun

Ali Bin Ibrahim Ƙummi ya kawo a tafsirinsa cewa a wannan yaƙin, an samu rigima tsakanin wasu sahabbai kan ɗebo ruwa daga rijiya, wanda ya jawo rauni ga wani daga Ansar. Abdullahi Bin Ubayyi ya fusata sosai bayan jin hakan, ya kuma yi barazanar cewa idan sun koma Madina, zai kori “mutane marasa ƙima” daga garin.[35]

Zaidu Bin Arƙam, wanda ya halarci wannan lamari, ya kai rahoton maganganun Abdullah ga Annabi (S.A.W).[36] Sai dai Abdullah ya je wajen Annabi (S.A.W) ya yi kalmar shahada da shaida kaɗaita Allah da Annabta, sannan ya ƙaryata abin da Zayd ya ruwaito. Jim kaɗan bayan haka, an saukar da ayoyi na farko har zuwa na takwas na Suratul Munafiƙun.[36]

Allama Ɗabaɗaba'i ya bayyana a cikin Al-Mizan cewa abin da Abdullah bin Ubayy yake nufi da “mutane marasa ƙima” shi ne Annabi (S.A.W) kansa, kuma da wannan magana ya yi niyyar barazana gare shi.[37]

Bisa wasu ruwayoyi kuma, waƙi'ar Ifku (ƙaryar zargi) ya faru ne a lokacin dawowa daga wannan tafiya.[38]

Bayanin kula

  1. ↑ Tabarsi, Iʿlam al-Wara, 1417 AH, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 196.
  2. ↑ Ibn Saʿd, al-Ṭabaqat al-Kubra, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 48.
  3. ↑ Waqidi, Kitab al-Maghazi, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 404.
  4. ↑ Ibn Hisham, al-Sira al-Nabawiyya, Beirut, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 286.
  5. ↑ Kalaʿi, al-Iktifaʼ, 1420 AH, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 454; Waqidi, al-Maghazi, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 404.
  6. ↑ Quraybi, Marwiyyat Ghazwat Bani al-Muṣṭaliq, shafi na 63.
  7. ↑ Maqrizi, Imtaʿ al-Asmaʿ,juzu'i na 1, shafi na 203.
  8. ↑ Diyar al-Bakri, Tarikh al-Khamis, Beirut, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 470.
  9. ↑ Waqidi, al-Maghazi, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 405; Maqrizi, Imtaʿ al-Asmaʿ, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 203.
  10. ↑ Andalusi, al-Durar fi Ikhtiṣar al-Maghazi wa al-Siyar, shafi na 200.
  11. ↑ Ibn Kathir, al-Bidaya wa al-Nihaya, Beirut, juzu'i na 4, shafi na 156.
  12. ↑ Dhahabi, Tarikh al-Islam, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 258.
  13. ↑ Ḥalabi, al-Sira al-Ḥalabiyya, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 378.
  14. ↑ Ṣaliḥi Dimashqi, Subul al-Huda wa al-Rashad, juzu'i na 4, shafi na 344; Waqidi, al-Maghazi, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 406.
  15. ↑ Ibn Kathir, al-Bidaya wa al-Nihaya, Beirut, juzu'i na 4, shafi na 156; Waqidi, al-Maghazi, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 407.
  16. ↑ Ibn Kathir, al-Bidaya wa al-Nihaya, Beirut, juzu'i na 4, shafi na 156; Waqidi, al-Maghazi, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 407.
  17. ↑ Amiri, Bahjat al-Maḥafil, Beirut, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 241.
  18. ↑ Ḥalabi, al-Sira al-Ḥalabiyya, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 379.
  19. ↑ al-Maghazi, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 407.
  20. ↑ Bayhaqi, Dala'il al-Nubuwwa, juzu'i na 4, shafi na 48.
  21. ↑ Ṭabari, Tarikh al-Umam wa al-Mulūk, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 604.
  22. ↑ Asqalani, al-Iṣabah fi Tamyiz al-Ṣaḥabah, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 308.
  23. ↑ Waqidi, al-Maghazi, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 410.
  24. ↑ Ibn Sayyid al-Nas, ʿUyūn al-Athar, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 129.
  25. ↑ Ibn Saʿd, al-Ṭabaqat, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 49.
  26. ↑ Amin, Aʿyan al-Shiʿa, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 261; Ṣaliḥi Dimashqi, Subul al-Huda wa al-Rashad, juzu'i na 4, shafi na 346; Ḥalabi, al-Sira al-Ḥalabiyya, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 379.
  27. ↑ Waqidi, al-Maghazi, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 410.
  28. ↑ Ibn Saʿd, al-Ṭabaqat, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 49; Waqidi, al-Maghazi, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 410.
  29. ↑ Amili, al-Ṣaḥiḥ min Sirat al-Nabi al-Aʿẓam (ṣ), juzu'i na 11, shafi na 289; Ḥalabi, al-Sira al-Ḥalabiyya, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 383; Waqidi, al-Maghazi, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 412.
  30. ↑ Ṭabari, Tarikh al-Umam wa al-Mulūk, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 609; ʿamili, al-Ṣaḥiḥ min Sirat al-Nabi al-Aʿẓam (ṣ), juzu'i na 11, shafi na 289.
  31. ↑ Ṭabari, Tarikh al-Umam wa al-Mulūk, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 609; ʿamili, al-Ṣaḥiḥ min Sirat al-Nabi al-Aʿẓam (ṣ), juzu'i na 11, shafi na 289.
  32. ↑ ʿAsqalani, al-Iṣabah fi Tamyiz al-Ṣaḥabah, juzu'i na 8, shafi na 73; Maqrizi, Imtaʿ al-Asmaʿ, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 206.
  33. ↑ Majlisi, Bihar al-Anwar, juzu'i na 20, shafi na 296; Ibn Saʿd, al-Ṭabaqat al-Kubra, juzu'i na 8, shafi na 92; Ibn al-Jawzi, al-Muntaẓam, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 220; Ṭabari, Tarikh al-Umam wa al-Mulūk, juzu'i na 11, shafi na 609.
  34. ↑ Baladhuri, Ansab al-Ashraf, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 442.
  35. ↑ Qummi, Tafsir al-Qummi, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 368.
  36. ↑ Qummi, Tafsir al-Qummi, juzu'i na 2, shafuka na 369–370; Ibn Hisham, al-Sira al-Nabawiyya, Beirut, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 292.
  37. ↑ Qummi, Tafsir al-Qummi, juzu'i na 2, shafuka na 369–370; Ibn Hisham, al-Sira al-Nabawiyya, Beirut, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 292.
  38. ↑ Ibn Hisham, al-Sira al-Nabawiyya, Beirut, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 297; Maqrizi, Imtaʿ al-Asmaʿ, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 220.

Nassoshi

  • Baladhuri, Aḥmad bin Yaḥya, Ansab al-Ashraf, Beirut, Gidan bugawa na al-Fikr, bugu na 1, 1417 AH.
  • Bayhaqi, Dala'il al-Nubuwwa, Beirut, Gidan Buga Littattafan Ilimi, bugu na 1, 1405 AH.
  • Dhahabi, Shams al-Din, Tarikh al-Islam, Beirut, Gidan Buga Littattafan Larabci, bugu na 2, 1409 AH.
  • Diyar Bakri, Shaykh Ḥusayn, Tarikh al-Khamis fi Aḥwal Anfas al-Nafis, Beirut, Dar al-Ṣadir, ba tare da kwanan bugu ba.
  • Ibn Hisham, ʿAbd al-Malik, al-Sira al-Nabawiyya, Beirut, Gidan bugawa na al-Maʿrifa, ba tare da kwanan bugu ba.
  • Ibn Ishaq, Muhammad bin Ishaq, al-Sir wa al-Maghazi, bincike: Suhayl Zakkar, Qum, offset, 1368 Shamsiyya.
  • Ibn Kathir, Ḥafiẓ Ibn Kathir, al-Bidaya wa al-Nihaya, Beirut, Gidan bugawa na al-Fikr, ba tare da kwanan bugu ba.
  • Ibn Sayyid al-Nas, Muhammad bin Muhammad al-Yaʿmuri, ʿUyūn al-Athar, Beirut, Gidan bugawa na al-Qalam, bugu na 1, 1414 AH.
  • Ibn Saʿd, Muhammad, al-Ṭabaqat al-Kubra, Beirut, Gidan Buga Littattafan Ilimi, bugu na 2, 1418 AH.
  • Ibn al-Jawzi, Abu al-Faraj, al-Muntaẓam fi Tarikh al-Umam wa al-Mulūk, Beirut, Gidan Buga Littattafan Ilimi, bugu na 1, 1412 AH.
  • Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr al-Andalusi, al-Durar fi Ikhtiṣar al-Maghazi wa al-Siyar, Cairo, Ma'aikatar Awqaf ta Masar, bugu na 1, 1415 AH.
  • Kalaʿi al-Ḥimyari, Abū al-Rabiʿ, al-Iktifa' bima Tadammanahu min Maghazi Rasūl Allah (ṣ) wa al-Khulafa' al-Thalatha, Beirut, Gidan Buga Littattafan Ilimi, bugu na 1, 1420 AH.
  • Majlisi, Muḥammad Baqir, Bihar al-Anwar, Tehran, al-Islamiyya, bugu na 2, 1363 Shamsiyya.
  • Maqrizi, Taqi al-Din Aḥmad bin ʿAli, Imtaʿ al-Asmaʿ, bincike: Muḥammad ʿAbd al-Ḥamid, Beirut, Gidan Buga Littattafan Ilimi, bugu na 1, 1420 AH.
  • Qummi, ʿAli bin Ibrahim, Tafsir al-Qummi, bincike: Sayyid Ṭayyib Mūsawi Jaza'iri, Qum, Gidan Buga Littattafai, 1367 Shamsiyya.
  • Quraybi, Ibrahim, Marwiyyat Ghazwat Bani al-Muṣṭaliq wa Hiya Ghazwat al-Muraysiʿ, Madina, Hukumar Bincike na Ilimi ta Jami'ar Musulunci, Saudi Arabia, ba tare da kwanan bugu ba.
  • Waqidi, Muḥammad bin ʿUmar, al-Maghazi, Beirut, Aʿlami, bugu na 3, 1409 AH.
  • Yaqūt al-Ḥamawi, Muʿjam al-Buldan, Beirut, ba tare da sunan mawallafi ba, 1979 CE.
  • ʿAsqalani, Ibn Ḥajar, al-Iṣaba fi Tamyiz al-Ṣaḥaba, Beirut, Gidan Buga Littattafan Ilimi bugu na 1, 1415 AH.
  • ʿamili, Jaʿfar Murtaḍa, al-Ṣaḥiḥ min Sirat al-Nabi al-Aʿẓam (ṣ), Qum, Gidan Buga Littattafai naal-Ḥadith, bugu na 1, 1426 AH.
  • ʿamiri, ʿImad al-Din Yaḥya bin Abi Bakr, Bahjat al-Maḥafil wa Bughyat al-Amathil, Beirut, Gidan Buga Littattafai na Ṣādir, ba tare da kwanan bugu ba.
  • Ḥalabi, Abū al-Faraj, al-Sira al-Ḥalabiyya, Beirut, Gidan Buga Littattafan Ilimi, bugu na 2, 1427 AH.
  • Ṣaliḥi Dimashqi, Muḥammad bin Yūsuf, Subul al-Huda wa al-Rashad fi Sirat Khayr al-ʿIbad, Beirut, Gidan Buga Littattafai na Ilimi, bugu na 1, 1414 AH.
  • Ṭabarsi, Faḍl bin Ḥasan, Iʿlam al-Wara bi Aʿlam al-Huda, Qum, al al-Bayt (a.s.), bugu na 1, 1417 AH.
  • Ṭabari, Muḥammad bin Jarir, Tarikh al-Umam wa al-Mulūk, Beirut, Gidan Bugawa na Gado, bugu na 2, 1387 AH.
  • Tabaṭaba'i, Muḥammad Ḥusayn, Tafsir al-Mizan, Beirut, Cibiyar al-Aʿlamī don Buga Littattafai, 1390 AH.
Daga "https://ha.wikishia.net/w/index.php?title=Yaƙin_Bani_Musɗaliƙ&oldid=24954"