Sata

Daga wikishia
Risala Ilmiyya

Sata, (Larabci: السرقة)ɗaukar dukiyar mutane a ɓoye [1] sata haramun ce kuma tana cikin manya-manyan zunubai. [2] cikin hadisai an bayyana cewa sata tana haifar lalacewar tattalin arziƙi, rigingimu, kisa da kuma rashin sha’awar kasuwanci. [3] a ra’ayin malaman fiƙihu sata wani abu ne da zai iya karɓar laminci [4] wajibi shi ɓarawo ya dawo da mai dukiya ainahin dukiyar da ya satar masa ko misalinta. [5] idan mai dukiya ya mutu wajibi ya mayar da ita zuwa ga magadansa, idan kuma ya zamana babu magada sai ya miƙata hannun Imami (A.S). [6] Malaman fiƙihu tare da jingina da ayar

«وَالسَّارِقُ وَالسَّارِقَةُ فَاقْطَعُوا أَیدِیهُمَا...»

Kuma ɓarawo da ɓarauniya ku yanke hannuwansu … [7] Sun tafi kan cewa za a guntile yatsun ɓarawo ko ɓarauniya. [8] na’am akwai sharuɗɗa kafin fara zartar da haddin sata waɗanda dole sai sun fara cika. [9] idan sharuɗɗa ba su cika ba za a zartar da haddi ba, kaɗai za a ladabtar da ɓarawo. [10] daga jumlar sharuɗɗan akwai karya hirzi da ɗauko kuɗin daga ciki [11] ya zama ya saci dukiyar nesa daga idanun ma’abocinta. [12] malaman fiƙihu sun fassara hirzi matsayin wani abu da a al’adance yake kare dukiya. [13] a ra’ayin Shaik ɗabarasi shi hirzi shi ne wurin da babu wanda zai iya shigarsa ba, ya yi tasarrufi ba tare da izinin mamallakinsa ba. [14]

Imam Sadiƙ (A.S)
Mazinaci ba ya zina cikin halin Imani da Allah da ranar Alƙiyama, haka nan ma ɓarawo ba ya sata a halin da yake cikin Imani da Allah.

Hurru Amili, Wasa’ilul Ash-Shi’a, 1424 h ƙamari, j 14 shafi na 236.

A cewar Malaman fiƙihu sun tafi kan cewa ba zartar da haddin sata kan mutumin da yake ɗauke jakar mutane a fili a bayyane [15] da mai satar kuɗi bayyane [16] ba tare karya hirzi ba [17] kaɗai za a wadatu da yi musu ta’aziri (ladabtarwa) [18] a ra’ayin Malaman ana zartar da hukuncin haddin sata kan masu fizgen jaka da yankan aljihu kaɗai idan sun sato kayan daga aljihun cikin tufafi saboda ana masa hukuncin da karya hirzi sai a guntile yatsunsu. [19] amma idan satar ta kasance daga aljihun da yake bayyane a fili, kaɗai za a yi ta’aziri ne kan ɓarawon ba tare da guntile yatsun hannunsa ba saboda shi bayyanannen aljihu ba a masa hukuncin hirzi. [20] Imam Khomaini ya tafi kan ra’ayin idan al’adar mutane ta ginu kan kasancewar sata daga aljihun zahiri sata ce da aka karya hirzi, hakan zai iya zama sababin zartar da hukuncin haddin sata. [21] Dangane da hukuncin satar yanar gizo, malaman fikihu suna ganin idan satar yanar gizo tana da wasu sharudda, kamar misalin karya hirzi (decrypting smart cards da cire kudi daga gare su), hukuncin shi ne yanke yatsun ɓarawon, isaɓanin haka za ayi ta'aziri ne kaɗai kan ɓarawo. [22]

Bayanin kula

  1. Ibn Idris, AS-sara'er, 1410 AH, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 483; Fazel Javad, Masalak Al-Afham, 1365, juzu'i na 4, shafi na 203; Faiz Kashani, Al-Safi fi Tafsir Al-ƙur’an, 1356, juzu’i na 1, shafi.441.
  2. Najafi, Jawahirul Al-Kalam, 1362, juzu'i na 13, shafi na 310.
  3. Hurru Ameli, Wasa'il al-Shia, 1424 AH, juzu'i na 18, shafi na 482.
  4. Shahid Sani, Al-Rawda Al-Bahiya, 1410 AH, juzu'i na 9, shafi na 305; Najafi, Jawahirul Al-Kalam, 1362, juzu'i na 41, shafi na 544.
  5. Shahid Sani, Al-Rawda Al-Bahiya, 1410 AH, juzu'i na 9, shafi na 305.
  6. Mohaghegh Hilli, Shara'i Al-Islam, 1408 AH, juzu'i na 4, shafi na 178; Najafi, Jawahirul Al-Kalam, 1362, juzu'i na 41, shafi na 544
  7. Suratul Ma’edah, aya ta 84.
  8. Seyed Morteza, Al-Intisar, 1415 AH, shafi na 528-529; Tusi, Al-Mabsuɗ, 1387 AH, shafi na 19, Tusi, Al-Khilaf, 1407 AH, juzu'i na 5, shafi na 452; Allameh Hilli, Mukhtalaf Al-Shia, 1374, juzu'i na 9, shafi na 249; Mar'ashi, Ahkam Al-Sariƙa Ala Dhau'i Alƙur'ani wa Sunnah, 2002, shafi na 316.
  9. Misali, duba: Mohaghegh Hilli, Shara'e Al-Islam, 1409 AH, juzu'i na 4, shafi na 159; Mar'ashi, Ahkam Sariƙatu Ala Dhaw'i Alƙur'ani wa Sunnah, 2002, shafi na 467-472; Tabrizi, Tushen Iyakoki da Al-Tazirat, 1376, shafi na 309.
  10. Misali, duba: Alam Al-Huda, Al-Intisar, 1415 AH, shafi na 528-529; Sheikh Tusi, Al-Mabsuɗ, 1387H, juzu'i na 8, shafi na 19, Sheikh Tusi, Al-Khilaf, 1407H, juzu'i na 5, shafi na 452; Alameh Hilli, Mukhtalaf Al-Shi'a, 1374, juzu'i na 9, shafi na 249.
  11. Imam Khumaini, Tahrir Al-Wasila, 1392, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 458.
  12. Shahid Sani, Al-Rawda Al-Bahiya, 1410 AH, juzu'i na 9, shafi na 231; Fazel Hindi, Kashf Al-Latham, 1416 AH, juzu'i na 10, shafi na 568.
  13. Fazel Handi, Kashf Al-Latham, juzu'i na 10, shafi na 599; Shahid Sani, Al-Rawda Al-Bahiya, 1410 AH, juzu'i na 9, shafi na 245; Faiz Kashani, Mofatih Al-Shara'i, 1395, juzu’i na 2, shafi na 92.
  14. ɗabarasi, Majma Al-Bayan, 1408 AH, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 297.
  15. Shahid Thani, Masalak Al-Afham, 1413 AH, juzu'i na 15, shafi na 20; Najafi, Jawaharlal Kalam, 1362, juzu'i na 41, shafi 596; Shahid Sani, Al-Rawda Al-Bahiya, 1410 AH, juzu'i na 9, shafi na 304; ɗabaɗabaei, Riyad Al-Masa'il, 1422 AH, juzu'i na 13, shafi na 628.
  16. Shahid Sani, Al-Rawda Al-Bahiya, 1410 AH, juzu'i na 9, shafi na 306; Ardabili, Majma Al-Fa'edat, 1403 AH, juzu'i na 13, shafi na 291
  17. Golpayegani, Al-Duraru Al-Manzoud, 1417 AH, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 309.
  18. Golpayegani, Al-Duraru Al-Manzoud, 1417 AH, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 309.
  19. Mohaghegh Hilli, Shara'i’ul Al-Islam, 1408H, juzu’i na 4, shafi na 162
  20. Sheikh ɗusi, Al-Khilaf, 1407H, juzu'i na 5, shafi na 451.
  21. Imam Khumaini, Tahrir Al-Wasila, 1390H, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 486.
  22. markaz tahƙiƙat Fiƙihi ƙuwwa ƙaza'iyya, 1381, juzu'i 1, shafi na 57.

Nassoshi

  • Alam Al-Huda, Ali bn al-Husayn, Al-Intisar, ƙum, Al-Nashar al-Islami Institute, 1415H.
  • Allama Hilli, Hassan bin Yusuf, Mukhtalaf Shi'a Fi Ahkam Al-Sharia , ƙom, Al-Nashar al-Islami Foundation, 1374.
  • Cibiyar Nazarin Shari'a ta Shari'a, tarin ra'ayoyin shari'a-na shari'a a cikin al'amuran da suka shafi laifuka, Tehran, wanda Ma'aikatar Ilimi da Bincike na Shari'a ta buga, 1381.
  • Faiz Kashani, Mohammad Bin Mortaza, Al-Safi Fi Tafsir al-ƙur'an, Tehran, Islamic Bookstore Publications, 1356.
  • Faiz Kashani, Mohammad Bin Morteza, Mofatih A-Shara'e, Tehran, Shahid Motahari High School, 1395.
  • Fazel Hindi, Muhammad bin Hassan, Kashf Al-Latham on ƙa'aab al-Ahkam, ƙom, Al-Nashar al-Islami Foundation, 1416 AH.
  • Fazel Javad, Javad bin Saeed, Masalak Al-Afham ila ayat Al-Ahkam, Tehran, Mortazavi, 1365.
  • Golpaygani, Seyyed Mohammad Reza, Al-Durrul Al-Mandud fi Ahkam Al-Hudud, ƙom, Darul ƙur'an Al-Karim, 1417H.
  • Hurru Ameli, Muhammad Bin Hasan, Wasa'ilul Shi'a wa Mustadrakiha, ƙum, Al-Nashar al-Islami Foundation, 1424 AH.
  • Ibn Idris, Muhammad Ibn Ahmad, Al-Sara'er: Al-Hawi Litahrir Al-Fatawi, ƙum, Al-Nashar al-Islami Publishing House, 1410H.
  • Imam Khumaini, Sayyid Ruhollah, Tahrir Al-Wasila, Najaf, Al-Adab Press, 1390H.
  • Kulaini, Muhammad bin Yaƙub, Al-Kafi, bincike: Ali Akbar Ghafari, Tehran, Dar al-Katb al-Islamiyya, 1407H.
  • Mar'ashi Najafi, Seyyed Shahabuddin, Ahkam Al-Sariƙati Ala Dhaw'i Al-ƙur'an wa Al-Sunnah, ƙum, Ayatullah Murashi Najafi Library, 1382.
  • Mohaghegh Hilli, Jafar bin Hassan, Ilalul Ash-Shara'i fi Islam fi Masa'il Al-halal Wal-Haram, ƙum, Cibiyar Ismailiyya, 1409H.
  • Muƙaddis Ardabili, Ahmad, Majma Al-Fa'edat wa Al-Burhan fi Sharh Irshad Al-Azhan, ƙom, Al-Nashar al-Islami Foundation, 1403 AH.
  • Najafi, Mohammad Hasan, Jawaher Al-Kalam fi Sharh Shara'e Al-Islam, Bincike: Mohammad ƙuchani, Beirut, Dar Ahya Al-Trath al-Arabi, bugu na 7, 1362.
  • Shaheed Thani, Zain Al-Din bin Ali, Masalak al-Afham il Tankih Shaaree Al-Islam, ƙum, Muassatu Almarif Al-Islami, 1413 AH.
  • Shahid Thani, Zain al-Din bin Ali, Al-Rawda Al-Bahiya fi Sharh Al-Luma’ al-Damshƙiyya, Kum, School of Islamic Education, 1410 AH.
  • Sheikh Sadouƙ, Muhammad Bin Ali, Man La Yahdrah al-Faƙih, ƙum, Al-Nashar al-Islami Foundation, 1404H.
  • Sheikh Tusi, Muhammad bin Hasan, al-Mabusut fi fiƙhu al-Umamiyah, Tehran, al-Mortazawiyya School, 1387 AH.
  • Sheikh Tusi, Muhammad bin Hassan, Al-Khalaf, Kum, gidan buga littattafan Musulunci, 1407H.
  • Sheikh ɗusi, Muhammad bin Hasan, Al-Istibsar Fima Akhtalaf Min Al-Akhbar, ƙom, Dar al-Katb al-Islamiyya, 1390H.
  • Sheikh ɗusi, Muhammad bin Hassan, Tahzeeb al-Ahkam, Tehran, Dar al-Kitab al-Alamiya, 1407H.
  • Tabatabai, Sayyid Ali, Riyad Al-Masa'il, ƙom, Al-Nashar al-Islami Est., 1422H.
  • Tabrizi, Javad, Usus Al-Hudud wa Al-Ta'azirat, ƙum, Bina, 1376.
  • Validi, Mohammad Saleh, dokar laifuka ta musamman (laifi kan dukiya da mallaka), Tehran, Amir Kabir, bugu na biyar, 1380.
  • ɗabarasi, Fazl bin Hasan, Majma Al-Bayan fi Tafsirin ƙur'an, Beirut, Darul Marafa, 1408H.