Malik ɗan Nuwaira

Daga wikishia
wannan ƙasida ce game da Malik ɗan Nuwaira, domin sanin wanene Malik ku duba: Kashe Malik ɗan Nuwaira

Malik ɗan Nuwaira(Larabci:مالك بن نويرة) (An kasheshi Shekara ta 11 bayan hijira) yana daga cikin Sahabban Manzon Allah (s.a.w) Wanda khalid bin walid ya kashe da tuhumar yin ridda, labarin kisansa yana ɗaya daga manyan al'amuran da ake bahasi kansu tsakanin shi'a da Ahlus-sunna, shi'a suna ganin wasu daga sahabbai ba adilai bane saboda kisa mara dalili na ɗaya daga cikin su da sukai, Saboda khalifa umar yana ganin khalid ya cancan ci ƙisasi saboda kashe Malik, haka ya cancan ci jefewa saboda zina da ya yi da matar malik ɗin bayan ya kashe shi, amma Abubakar yan ganin ya kamata ai masa uziri saboda a bisa Ijtihadi ya aikata abin da ya aikata.

Kamar yadda Fadl bin Shazan ya rawaito, Manzon Allah (s.a.w) ya bayyana Malik bin Nuwaira a matsayin ɗan Aljanna, ya kuma yi masa nuni ga halifancin Imam Ali (a.s). Don haka ne a lokacin da Malik bin Nuwaira ya zo Madina bayan wafatin Manzon Allah (S.A.W.W) ya yi wa Abubakar bore don me bai mika halifanci ga Imam Ali (A.S) ba kamar yadda Manzon Allah (s.a.w) ya faɗa. . A cewar malaman Shi'a, Malik ya ki ba da zakka ga gwamnati saboda bai ɗauki halifancin Abubakar a matsayin halaltacce ba, kuma hakan ya yi sanadiyyar kasheshi.

Wasu marubutan Ahlus-sunna sun ɗauki Malik a matsayin wanda ya yi ridda don tabbatar da Abin da Khalid bin Walid ya yi daidai ne, Amma ‘yan Shi’a da wasu daga Ahlus-Ahlus-sunna sun ƙaryata kafircin (Ridda) Malik da hujjoji kamar shaidar wasu sahabbai da dama game da Musuluncinsa, da kuma biyan diyyar ransa da khalifa Abubakar ya yi bayan kasheshi ga iyalansa.

Gabtarwa da Matsayi

Malik ɗan Nuwaira ɗan Jamrah Tamimi ɗaya ne daga cikin sahabban manzon Allah (s.a.w.w) kuma ɗaya daga cikin manya a zamanin jahiliyya da musulunci,[1] Malik mawaƙi ne kuma yana da diwani na waƙa daya rubuta.[2] Ya je wurin Annabi (s.a.w) ya musulunta,[3] Annabi ya sanya shi wakilinsa a cikin ƙabilarsa don ya karbi zakka daga gare su.[4]

A cewar Sheikh Abbas ƙummi, ɗaya daga cikin malaman Shi'a a ƙarni na 14 hijira, an kashe Malik bin Nuwaira ne saboda son Ahlul Baiti (AS),[5] Wannan lamari ya faru ne a lokacin da Malik ya tambayi Manzon Allah (s.a.w). ya faɗa masa haƙiƙanin imani, Sai Annabi (s.a.w) ya koya masa wasu hukunce-hukuncen Shari’a, ya tabbatar masa da halifancin Imam Ali [6]kamar yadda Ibn Shazan ya ruwaito, bayan wafatin Manzon Allah (s.a.w), Malik bin Nuweera ya zo Madina bayan ya fahimci an bada halifanci ga Abubakar, sai ya nuna masa rashin amincewa da hakan, a cewar sa Manzon Allah (s.a.w) ya ba wa Imam Ali halifanci(a.s.).[7] bayan nuna rashin goyan bayansa ne da yin zanga zanga, an fitar da shi daga masallaci bisa umarnin Abubakar da Aikatawar Khalid bin Walid.[8]

Labarin kisan Malik bin Nuwaira yana daga cikin mas’aloli masu ƙalubale tsakanin shi'a da Ahlus-sunna,[9] Kisan da Khalid bin Walid ya yi masa da kwanciya da matar sa yana daga cikin abubuwan da suka fi jawo cece-kuce dangane da yaƙuƙƙunan Ridda.[10] Malaman Shi'a sun yi nuni da cewa, a bisa wannan lamari na tarihi, Ahlus-Ahlus-sunnah sun soki ƙa'idar adalcin duka sahabbai, da wasu daga cikin malaman Ahlus-sunna suka yarda da ita,[11] sun yi imani da cewa an kawo wannan ƙa'idar ne don tabbatar da wasu ɗabi'un sahabbai da ba su dace ba. A faɗin muƙaddasi masanin tarihi na Ƙarni na huɗu, yace: bayan mas’alar Imamanci, ɗaya daga manyan saɓanin da musulmi suka samu shine batun yaƙin Ridda , Duk da cewa Abubakar ya yi imani da a yaƙi masu ridda , amma musulmi sun yi adawa da shi a wannan mas'ala.[12]

Kashe Malil a Lokacin ƴakin Ridda

A cewar Allama Amini da Rasul Jafariyan, malaman tarihi na Shi'a sunce: Ba kokwanto ko shakku an kashe Malik ɗan Nuwaira ne saboda rashin tarbiyyar da Khalid ɗan Walid ya nuna,[13] saboda Malik ya ƙi ba da zakka ga gwamnatin halifa Abubakar, inya tara yana rarraba wa jama’arsa da ƙabilarsa,[14] baya kawowa baitul mali,[15] A cewar Sayyid Abdul Hussein Sharafuddin mawallafin littafin Al-Nas da Al-Ijtihad, Malik ya yi shakkar halaccin halifancin Abubakar kuma don haka ne ya daina bashi zakka.[16]

Wannan abin da Khalid ya yi ya saɓawa Shari’a, ya jawo fushin wasu Sahabbai kamar Abu Ƙatada Al-ansari da Abdullahi bin Umar.[17] Bayan rahoton rundunar Khalid ya isa Madina, Umar bin Khaɗɗab ya tattauna abin da Khalid ya yi akan ya saɓawa Shari’a, yaje gun Abubakar, kan batun shi Khalid ɗin ya kuma nemi Abubakar ya cire shi daga kwamandanci[18] Umar ɗan Khaɗɗab yana ganin Khalid bin Walid ya cancanci a yi masa ƙisasi a kan laifin kashe Malik da aikata laifin kwanciya da matarsa.[19] Amma Khalifa Abubakar yana ganin ayi masa uziri a barshi.[20] a cewar Muhammad Husain Hikal masanin tarihi mutumin ƙasar Misra, sakamakon buƙatuwar hukumar Abubakar da mutum misalin Khalid haka ne dalili da ya sanya akai kai suke aiki tare da shi,[21] sai dai cewa Umar bai gushe ba yana ganin lefin Khalid kuma ya kamata a hukunta shi, lokacin da Umar ya zama halifa ya cire Khalid daga kwamandanci.[22]


Muslunci Ko Riddar Malik ɗan Nuwaira

  • `Ƴan shi'a da wasu malaman Ahlus-sunna sun kawo hujjojin da ke nuna cewa Malik musulmi ne, daga cikinsu akwai kamar haka:
  • Faɗin hakan daga bakin Malik da Sahabbansa da yin Sallah.
  • Shaidar da dama daga cikin sahabbai game da Musuluncinsu.
  • biyan diyya da Abubakar yasa akai bayan kisan malik.
  • Umarnin Abubakar ga khalid na rabuwa da matar Malik ɗan Nuwaira[23]


Sai dai kuma Ahlus-Ahlus-sunnah ba su da ra'ayi ɗaya game da kasancewarsa musulmi, wasu kuma suna ganinsa a matsayin wanda ya yi ridda,[24] Muhammad Hussein Haikal, yana mai tabbatar da halayya ta Khalid, yana ganin cewa, duk da cewa kwanciya a cikin iddar mace bai dace da Sharia ba. Bai kamata a yi amfani da wannan hukunci a kan haziƙai kamar Khalid ba, domin Khalid ya taimaki gwamnatin Musulunci,[25] haka nan a cewarsa kashe Malik da kwanciya da matarsa lamari ne da ba shi da wata ƙima idan aka kwatanta da ɗinbin hidimomin da Khalid ya yi wa gwamnatin Musulunci a wancan lokacin.

Allama Amini,[26] da Sharafud-Din,[27] bayan sun ruwaito abin da ya faru dangane da Malik da Khalid, sun soki hujjar Ahlus-Ahlus-sunna kan kare Khalid. Abbas Mahmud Aƙƙad, marubuci ɗan ƙasar Masar, ya yi imanin cewa, duk da cewa ruwayoyin kisan Malik sun bambanta, amma ba shakka kisan Malik ba lamari ne na dole ba , kuma a lokacin kisan ba komai bane ya bayyana, inama ace wannan lamarin bai kasance a cikin shafuffukan rayuwar Khalid ba.[28]

Bayanin kula

  1. ↑ Ibn Athir, Usudul Al-Ghabah, 1409H, juzu'i na 4, shafi na 276.
  2. ↑ Agha Bozurg Tahrani, Al-Dhari'ah, 1403H, juzu'i na 9, shafi na 264.
  3. ↑ Dhahabi, Tarikhul Islam, 1413 Hijira, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 33.
  4. ↑ Yaƙoubi, Tarikh Al-Yaƙoubi, Dar Sadir, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 122.
  5. ↑ ƙommi, Mentehi Al-Amal, 1379 AH, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 311.
  6. ↑ Ibn Shazan, Al-Fadael, 1363, shafi na 75.
  7. ↑ Ibn Shazan, Al-Fadael, 1363, shafi na 76.
  8. ↑ Ibn Shazan, Al-Fadael, 1363, shafi na 76.
  9. ↑ Jojin Siamian, "Ridde, Jangha", shafi na 695.
  10. ↑ Gholami, “Jnaghaye Irtidad wa Buhrane Janishini pas az Payambar (S.A.W)”, shafi na 39.
  11. ↑ Nikzad, "Idalat Sahabe dar Tarazu Nakhade Bita", shafi na 42-44.
  12. ↑ Moghdisi, Al-Bad'u wa al-Tarikh, Maktabat Al-Saƙafa Al-Diniyeh, juzu'i na 5, shafi na 123.
  13. ↑ Amini, Al-Ghadir, 1416 AH, Mujalladi na 7, shafi na 219-220; Jafarian, Tarihin Halifofi, 1394, shafi na 38.
  14. ↑ Ibn Hajar, al-Isabah, 1415 Hijira, juzu'i na 5, shafi na 560.
  15. ↑ Sharafuddin, Nass wa Ijtihad, 1404H, shafi na 118.
  16. ↑ Ibn Khaldun, Tarikh Ibn Khaldun, 1408H, Juzu'i na 2, shafi na 495.
  17. ↑ Moghdisi, Al-Bad'u wa al-Tarikh, Maktabat Al-Taƙfah al-Diniya, juzu'i na 5, shafi na 159.
  18. ↑ Tabari, Tarikh al-Tabari, 1387 Hijira, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 278-279.
  19. ↑ Abi al-Fada, Tarikh Abi al-Fida, 1417H, Mujalladi na 1, shafi na 222.
  20. ↑ Ibn Kathir, Al-Bidaya wa Al-Nihaya, 1407H, juzu'i na 6, shafi na 323.
  21. ↑ Heikal, Al-Sadiƙ Abu Bakr, Dar al-Maarif, shafi na 157.
  22. ↑ Heikal, Al-Sadiƙ Abu Bakr, Dar al-Maarif, shafi na 138.
  23. ↑ Duba: Ibn Athir, Usudul Al-Ghaba, 1409 AH, juzu'i na 4, shafi na 277. Gholami, "Jangahaye Irtitdad wa Buhrane Janishini pas az Payambar (S.A.W)”, shafi na 40.
  24. ↑ Heikal, al-Siddiƙ Abu Bakr, Dar al-Maarif, shafi na 140.
  25. ↑ Heikal, al-Siddiƙ Abu Bakr, Dar al-Maarif, shafi na 141.
  26. ↑ Duba: Amini, Al-Ghadir, 1416 AH, Juzu'i na 7, shafi na 218-229
  27. ↑ Duba: Sharafuddin, Al-Nas wa Al-Ijtihad, 1404 AH, shafi na 116-138.
  28. ↑ Akkad, Abƙariyatu Khaled, 2005, shafi na 80.

Nassoshi

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