Karya Gumakan Jahiliya

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wannan kasida ce game da littafi Kasri Asnami Jahiliyya, domin karin bayani duba: Labarin Karya gumaka
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Littafin Kasri Asnami jahiliyya

Karya Gumakan Jahiliya (Larabci:کسرُ أصنامِ الجاهلیة)wallafar Mulla Sadra raddi kan Sufancin Khanikani. Hadafin wannan talifi shi ne banbance Arifai na gaskiya daga Jabun Arifai manyan Fasalan wannan littafi sune: Sanin Allah,Hadafin Ibada, Matsayin Makusanta da kuma zargin Duniya. A wannan littafi anyi bakin kokari bayanin siffofin Arifai na gaskiya, da kuma karyata da’awar masu da’awar karya ta irfani, wannan littafi mai suna (Irfan wa Arifan Namayan) an tarjama da harshen Farisanci an kuma yada shi.

Sunan Littafi

Kasru Asnami Jahiliya, littafi ne da Mulla Sadrad Addini Shirazi ya wallafa shi da harshen larabci kan Sufancin karya, wasu sun bayyana sunansa (Kasru Asnami Jahiliya fi Kufri Jama’atu Sufiyya)[1] tare da haka shi dai marubucin littafin cikin Mukaddimarsa ga littafin ya bayyana sunan littafin nasa da (Kasru Asnami Jahiliya)[2]

Mawallafin Littafi

Asalin Makala:Mulla Sadra Mawallafin wannan littafi shi ne Sadrul Muta’allihin Shirazi. Mutum ne da yake da zurfafa cikin ilimin Akli da Nakali an haife shi a shekara 979 h sannan yayi karatun share fage a Hauzar Isfahan a hannun Baha’uddini Muhammad Amili sannan ya yi tarayya cikin darasin Fikhu da Usul a wurinsa, bayan nan ya shiga darasin Sayyid Muhammad Bakir Astar’abadi ya yi takassusin karatun Falsafa a hannunsa.[3] hakika Mulla Sadra cikin ilimin Falsafa ya samu shahara da Akun, kari kan karatun addini da Falsafa ya kutsa cikin samar da tsarin karatun zamani na Falsafa wanda ya sanya suna (Hikmatu Muta’aliya) wani sabon tsari ne na Falsafa da cikin sa ya yi amfani da hankali da nakali tare da juna.

Hadafin Rubuta Littafin

Hadafin Mulla Sadra kan wallafa wannan littafi ya kasance baiwa addini kariya daga miyagun Akidu da kuma fadakar mutane daga yaudarar wasu adadin Mayudara da suke sanya rigar walittaka, a wannan fage yana cewa: lokacin da na fahimci cewa a wannan lokaci jahilci da rashin ilimi ya mamaye ko ina, na ga an samu wasu mutane da dukkanin karfinsu tareda taimakon Jahilai marasa fahimta sun kafe sun daga kan akidunsu da maganganunsu na rashin ilimi, suka zabi yada barna, sakamakon na fahimci tushen jahilcinsu da shirmensu cikin maganganunsu da ayyukansu wani al’amari ne da hakikaninsa ya buya, kuma fitinarsa tana da girman gaske, illolinsa suna da tsanani musibarsa ta mamaye ko ina da ina cutarwarsa ta fantsama cikin dukkanin dabi’u, sharrinsa ya game dukkanin kwakwale, saboda yaudarar hiyalin Shaidanci ya kure gangara, sakamakon fahimtar haka sai na wajibi a mike tsaye wajen yakar wannan sharri da tsarkake addini daga ita, cikin kawar da wannan shubuha da nesantar da ita daga zukatan masu koyon ilimi da da daliban ajin farko domin samar da hanyar kankare musu waswasin Shaidan sai na nemi taimako daga Allah ta hanyar neman kusanci zuwa gare shi da Tawassuli kamun kafa da Waliyyai na gaskiya na shari’a shugabannin isma da shiriya amincin Allah ya kara tabbata a garesu baki dayansu, na fara shiga wannan aiki domin kawar waswasinsu da rusa shubuhohinsu da wautarsu da warware tufkarsu da yaudararsu da rusa Gumakan hiyalinsu da yanke jijiyoyin hiyalinsu da tunbuke jijiyar bishiyar burace-buracensu, sai na yunkura na rubuta wannan Risala me suna Kasru Asnamil Jahiliya (Karya Gumakan Jahiliya).[4]

Abin da Littafin yake kunshe da shi

Wannan littafi ya tattaro Mukaddima da kuma Fasali hudu da Hatimi

Mukaddima

Mukaddimar wannan littafi ta kunshi (al’amura domin sanin wasu adadin mutane da suke da karamomi da falaloli kan sauran mutane, fadaka daga garesu wajibi ne).[5] ta wannan fuska Mulla Sadra tare da bayani kan kasancewar mutum ma’abocin sasanni guda biyu bukatuwar mutum da ilimi da aiki domin kaiwa ga kamala, ya rubuta cewa ilimin da yake cicciba mutum ya kai shi zuwa ga kamalar da ta kebanta da shi, bai kasance kowanne ilimi ba, bari dai sanin Allah da siffofinsa da ayyukansa da kuma sanin ranar lahira da sanin Nafsu din mutum, da kuma yin aiki da zai kai mutum zuwa ga kamala dukkanin larura ne, amma ba kowanne aiki ba, bari dai zgae da dantse da mujahada ta shari’a da hikima suna sharadi na musammam kan wannan batu.[6] mawallafin littafin cikin mukaddima yayi bahasi kan fasalin sharuddan kammaluwar Nafsi da abubuwan da suke zama shinge: Mafi girman hijabi ga Nafsi dangane da dangantakar sa da Ubangiji shi ne rashin sanin gundarin kansa, duniyar kansa mafararsa da Ma'ad (makomarsa), wannan rashin sani, wata tsatsa da datti ce da ta samu sakamakon miyagun dabi’un mutum da suka gurbata masa zati suka kuma cudanya da shi da kutsawa cikin hakikarsa, kamar yanda dai aka buga misali da wannan aya mai daraja:

کلَّا بَلْ رَانَ عَلَیٰ قُلُوبِهِم مَّا کانُوا یکسِبُونَ

A a tabbas abin da suka kasance suna aikata yayi tsatsa kan zukatansu. Mudaffifin aya 14 Karkacewarsa ta kasance sakamakon gurbatattun ra’ayoyi, kamar yanda Allah yake cewa:

فَلَمَّا زَاغُوا أَزَاغَ اللَّهُ قُلُوبَهُمْ

Yayin da suka karkace sai Allah ya karkatar da zukatansu.Saffi aya 5 Ka sani cewa zuwa lokacin da zuciya ba ta yi watsi da sha’awe sha’awen rai ba to fa ba zata taba ganin hasken da tattare da it aba kuma kofofin sama ba zasu taba budewa gabanta ba, kuma mutum ba zai taba ganin haske da dadin da yake cikin zatin kansa da abubuwa masu daraja ba. Abubuwan da Allah ya siffanta su da:

وَ فِیهَا مَا تَشْتَهِیهِ الْأَنفُسُ وَ تَلَذُّ الْأَعْینُ وَأَنتُمْ فِیهَا خَالِدُونَ

Cikinta akwai dukkanin abin da rai yake sha’awa da abubuwan da idanu ke dadaduwa da ganinsu kuma ku cikinta kuna masu dawwama. Zukuruf aya 71.[7] Haka kuma ubagiji yana cewa:

فَلَا تَعْلَمُ نَفْسٌ مَّا أُخْفِی لَهُم مِّن قُرَّ‌ةِ أَعْینٍ جَزَاءً بِمَا کانُوا یعْمَلُونَ

Wani rai bata sanin abin da aka boye musu daga sanyin idaniya sakamako ne daga abin da suka kasance suna aikata. Sajada aya 17.7

Fasali na farko:

Muhimmancin Sanin Allah A wannan fasali bayani ne kan cewa(a wurin Allah babu wani mukami da ya fi sani zati,siffa,ayyukan Allah Arifi shi ne wannan masanin Allah shi ne kuma wanda yafi kowa sani, mafi sani a wurin Allah shi ne mafi kusanci da shi[8] abubuwa da za su zo a kasan wannan Fasali:

  • duk wanda gabanin kammala sanin kansa ya fara horar da Nafsu din shi, hakika batacce ne mai batarwa.
  • da yawa-yawan mutane da suka daukar man kansu shiryar mutane basu ma san hanyoyin sanin Allah da kuma shiriya ba.
  • rusa rashin kan gadon Sufanci da kuma cutarwarsa kan Musulmai.
  • ganin tabbatattun abubuwa ya takaitu ga wadanda aka bawa izini da suka horar da kansu suka tsaftace hankulansu.
  • ba zai yiwu wanda ya jahilci alamomin Allah a kira shi da Sufi, Fakihi, ko masanin Hikima.[9]

Fasali na biyu:

Hadafin Ibada

Fasali na biyu ya kunshi karshen hadafi cikin ibada ta gangar jiki da horar da Nafsin mutum, neman sani don samun ilimi, amma ba wai dukkanin sani da ilimi ba, bari dai sanin Allah da ilimi na ubangiji.Sadr al-Din Shirazi, Kasr Isnam al-Jahiliyyah, 1425H, shafi na 87. a wannan Fasali an bijiro da bahasin abubuwa kamar haka:

  • Bayyana Ma’arifofi da suka hadafi na hakika kan samuwar mutum.
  • Mutane da yawa da suke daukar ma kansu wazifar shiryar da mutane basu ma san hanyoyin shiriyi da sanin Allah ba.
  • Fa’idar dukkanin Siffar kamala shi ne tanadi ga Nafsi domin tsarkake kai da kwararar Ma’arifofi.
  • Tabbatar da fifiko tsakanin ilimummuka da suke da dangantaka da Mukashafa, mafi fifiko da darajar cikinsu shi ne sanin Allah.
  • Bayanin fifiko tsakanin Halaye.
  • Sababin mummunan karshe.
  • Bayanin Alamomi da Siffofin Masoya Allah.[10]

Fasali na uku:

Matsayi da Mukamin Makusanta Fasali na uku bayanin Siffofin masu kyawunta aiki da ma’abota aiki da darajarsu take kasa da darajar Makusanta.[11] abubuwan da aka bijiro cikin wannan fasali sune kamar haka:

  • Hanyar isa zuwa Matsayin wadannan bayin Allah.
  • hususiyar soyayya da shauki.
  • Sharhin wannan Magana tushe ne na cancantuwa cikin mutum shi ne soyayya da shaukin haduwa da Allah.
  • Kadai Arifi na hakika a wannan duniya shi ne yake shagaltuwa da Ibadar Allah.
  • Tasirin Ibada shi ne jawo Fa’idoji na ruhi da warkar da cutukan zuciya.
  • Fuskar samun hadin kai cikin lafiya da ciwo tsakanin Zahiri da Badini.
  • Bayanin hadafin kaikawon mutum da hadafin da’a da ibada.
  • Miyagun halayen mutum sune sababin tsiyatarsa a ranar lahira.
  • Sababin rashin sanin banbanci tsakanin mutanen kirki da mutane banza, Wawaye da Ma’abota hankali, Masu ilimi da Jahilai.[12]

Fasali na hudu:

Nasihohi na hikima da hankali cikin zargin duniya da Ma’abotanta.[13] cikin wannan fasali an kawo abubuwa kamar haka:

  • wasiyyoyin Annabawa da Waliyyai kan watsi da duniya.
  • Nasihar Fitagoros.
  • Nasihohin Ma’abota hikima.[14]

Hatima

Cikin Hatima (Karshe) wannan littafi Mulla Sadra ya jawo hankalin masu karatu zuwa wannan nukdodi kamar haka: da farko dai wannan littafi bai rubuta shi kan tuhuma da zargi wani kebantaccen mutum ba, bari dai hadafinsa shi ne jan hankalin mutanen da suke da lafiyayyen zauki da zuciya zuwa ga barnar da take cikin zamanin da muke ciki da kuma karkacewar galibin mutane da yaduwar cutukan bata cikin zukata da kwakwale lamarin da ya tsallaka zuwa ga watsi da al’muran Addini da Alkiyama,[15] karshe-karshen martaba shi ne samun kusanci da Allah, kuma waswasin Shaidan da mamayar gurbataccen hiyali, ilhama ta gaskiya da kuma ishara daga Duniyar Malakut suna daga abubuwan da suke bijira,[16] bayan haka sai Mulla Sadra ya yi Kulasar abubuwa da ya yi bahasi kansu cikin littafin nasa cikin shafi daya, daga karshe ya nuna abin da ya tattaro yayi kulasarsa daga ba’arin wasu littafan Arifai da suka kunshi nuna hanyar tarbiyyar mutumin da ya nufi zuwa gun Allah da sannu-sannu, haka kuma cikin wannan abin da ya tattaro yayi ishara da shahararriyar wakar nan[17] da ya nakalto ya kuma yi bayani da sharhinta.[18]

Tarjamar littafin

Muhsin Bidari shi ne wanda ya tarjama littafi da sama suna (Irfani wa Arif Namayan) cibiyar Intisharatu Alzahra suka yada shi.

Sabon gyara

Littafin Kasrul Asanm Jahiliya an masa gyrare-gyare a lokuta da daman a karshe karshen gyara da akayi masa shi ne wanda ya samu kari mukaddimar Muhsin Jahangiri tare da kulawar Sayyid Muhammad Khamna’i cikin shafi 334 tare da Fihirisoshi mabanbanta karkashin kulawar cibiyar Bunyad Hikmat Islami Sadra a karo na farko a shekara 1381 shamsi an buga shi an kuma yada shi.[19]

Bayanin kula

  1. Khansari, Ruzat al-Janat, juzu'i na 6, shafi na 100; Baghdadi, Ismail Pasha, Ijah al-Muknun fi al-Dhail Ali Kashf al-Dhanun, Mujalladi na 4, shafi na 353.
  2. Sadr al-Din Shirazi, Kasr Asnam al-Jahiliyyah, 1425 AH, shafi na 48.
  3. Bidarfar, Irfan wa Aref Namayan, 1371, shafi na 17-18.
  4. Sadr al-Mutalahin Shirazi, Kasr Isnam al-Jahiliyyah, shafi na 36-48; Fassara kyauta.
  5. Sadr al-Din Shirazi, Kasr Isnam al-Jahiliyyah, 1425 AH, shafi na 49.
  6. Sadr al-Din Shirazi, Kasr Isnam al-Jahiliyyah, 1425 AH, shafi na 49.
  7. Sadr al-Din Shirazi, Kasr Isnam al-Jahiliyyah, 1425 AH, shafi na 58-59.
  8. Sadr al-Din Shirazi, Kasr Asnam al-Jahiliyyah, 1425 AH, shafi na 61.
  9. Sadr al-Din Shirazi, Kasr Asnam al-Jahiliyyah, 1425 AH, shafi na 61-86.
  10. Sadr al-Din Shirazi, Kasr Asnam al-Jahiliyyah, 1425 AH, shafi na 129-87.
  11. Sadr al-Din Shirazi, Kasr Asnam al-Jahiliyyah, 1425 AH, shafi na 131.
  12. Sadr al-Din Shirazi, Kasr Asnam al-Jahiliyyah, 1425 AH, shafi na 131-159.
  13. Sadr al-Din Shirazi, Kasr Asnam al-Jahiliyyah, 1425 AH, shafi na 161.
  14. Sadr al-Din Shirazi, Kasr Asnam al-Jahiliyyah, 1425 AH, shafi na 161-185.
  15. Sadr al-Din Shirazi, Kasr Asnam al-Jahiliyyah, 1425 AH, shafi na 186.
  16. Sadr al-Din Shirazi, Kasr Asnam al-Jahiliyyah, 1425 AH, shafi na 228.
  17. https://ganjoor.net/ghasem/divan/ghete/sh18
  18. Sadr al-Din Shirazi, Kasr Asnam al-Jahiliyyah, 1425 AH, shafi na 223.
  19. http://www.mullasadra.org/new_site/persian/Affiliated%20Section/Books/Lists/Kasr.htm

Nassoshi

  • Sadr al-Din al-Shirazi, Muhammad bin Ibrahim, Kasr Asnam al-Jahiliyyah, edited by Hossein al-Taghash, Beirut, Al-Hakmiyyah Institute of Encyclopaedias, 1425 AH/2004 AD.
  • Sadr al-Din al-Shirazi, Muhammad bin Ibrahim, Kasr Asnam al-Jahiliyyah, edited by Dr. Mohsen Jahangiri, Beirut, Al-Tarikh Al-Arabi Foundation, 2007.
  • Bidarfar, Mohsen, Irfan da Arefnamayan, Tehran, Al-Zahra, 1371.
  • Aghabozur al-Tahrani, Mohammad Mohsen, al-Dhari'a al-Tsanif al-Shi'a, Beirut, Dar al-Azwa, Bita.
  • Khansari, Mohammad Baqer, Rozat al-Janat, bincike na Asadullah Esmailian, Qom, B.T.
  • Baghdadi, Ismail Pasha, Eydah al-Muknun fi al-Dhail Ali Kashf al-Dhanun, Beirut, 1982.
  • http://www.mullasadra.org/new_site/persian/Affiliated%20Section/Books/Lists/Kasr.htm