Kafiri Muhadin
Kafiri muhadin ko kafiri marar ɓangare[1]Wasu jama'a ne daga kafirai wanda ba su shiga yaƙi da musulmi ba kuma su ba sa daga cikin kafirai zimmi.[2] Wannan jama'a daga kafirai da suke mu'amala ta zaman lafiya tare da musulmi.[3] Malaman fiƙihu misalin Sayyid Muhammad Husaini Fadlullah da Nasir Makarim Shirazi tare da jingina da aya ta 8 da 9 suratul mumtahana da kuma aya ta 90 suratul nisa'i, sun ba da umarni da kiyaye adalci da ihsani, bugu da ƙari sun yi fatawa kare jinane, dukiya da mutuncin wannan jama'a daga kafirai.[4] Cikin fiƙihun muslunci, har zuwa ƙarni na sha biyar hijira ƙamari, rabe-raben kafirai ya iyakantu zuwa gida biyu, kafiri harbi (Maƙiyi mai neman yaƙi) da kafiri zimmi (Kafiri da yake ƙarƙashin yarjejeniyar zimma).[5] Tare da haka wasu malaman fiƙihu na Shi'a tare da dogara da ayar jihadi, sun gabatar da kafiri muhadin matsayin na uku cikin rabe-raben kafirai.[6]
Bayanin kula
- ↑ Makarem Shirazi, alfatawa Jadida, uzu’i na farko, shafi na 314.
- ↑ tushen hukuncin fiqhu a gidan yanar gizon na Ayatollah al-Uzma Makarem Shirazi Ahkām-e Kāfir
- ↑ Fadlullah – Tafsir Min Wahy al-Qur’an, 1439H, Juz’i na 3, shafi na 241: Makarem Shirazi – al-Fatawa al-Jadida, 1385Sh, Juz’i na 1, shafi na 314:
- ↑ Fadlullah – Tafsir Min Wahy al-Qur’an, 1439H, Juz’i na 3, shafi na 241. Makarem Shirazi – al-Fatawa al-Jadida, 1385Sh, Juz’i na 1, shafi na 314
- ↑ Misali, duba Sheikh Tusi, Al-Nihayyah, 1400H, shafi na 291-292; Ibn Zahra, Ghanyyah al-Nuz’, 1417 AH, shafi. 203.
- ↑ Makarem Shirazi, Ahkame Kafir, Tushen Bayani na Ofishin Mai Girma Ayatullah Makarem Shirazi; Fazel Lankarani, "A cikin Batun Alakar da Kafirai, Dole ne Mu Rarraba Tsakanin Hukunce-hukuncen Farko da Sakandare," Yanar Gizon Ayatollah Mohammad Javad Fazel Lankarani.
Nassoshi
- Ghunyat al-Nuzūʿ ilā ʿIlmay al-Uṣūl wa al-Furūʿ – Ibn Zuhra (511–585 H)
- al-Nihāyah fī Mujarrad al-Fiqh wa al-Fatwā – Shaykh Ṭūsī (385–460 H)
- Muhammad Jawad Fāḍil Lankarani «در مسئله ارتباط با كفار، باید بین احکام اولیه و عناوین ثانویه تفکیک کنیم»، gidan yanar gizon Ayatollah Muhammad Jawad Fāḍil Lankarani yana nuni da takamaiman matsayi da ra’ayi da ya bayyana a ranar 8 Esfand 1396 H. Sh. (27 Fabrairu 2018 M.)
- Tafsīr Min Waḥy al-Qurʾān – Sayyid Muḥammad Ḥusayn Faḍlullāh
- al-Fatāwā al-Jadīda – Ayatollah Nāṣir Makārem Shīrāzī
- Nasir Makarim Shirazi«احکام کافر»، Yanar Gizon Bayani na ofishin Mai girma Ayatollah Makarem Shirazi, ranar ziyarar: 30 ga Yuli, 1404.