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Daƙiƙa:Istibra'i

Ƙara hanyoyin mahaɗar
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Istibra'i, (Larabci: الإستبراء) wani aiki ne na mustahabbi da ake yinsa bayan fitsari ko fitar maniyyi domin tabbatar da tsaftace magudanar fitsari da maniyyi daga abin da ya yi ragowa daga fitsari da maniyyi. Kan asasin hukunce-hukuncen fiƙihu, idan ya zamanto bayan yin istibra'i sai wani danshi ya fito daga magudana to wannan danshi ana masa hukunci da tsarkaka kuma baya lalata alwala ko wanka.

Sauran wurare da ake istibra'i a fiƙihu sune: Isbtibra'in dabba mai cin najasa (Hanawa dabbobin da ya halasta aci namansu waɗanda suka saba da cin kashin mutane, ana yin hakan da nufin tsarkake namansu da nononsu), Istibra'in mahaifa (Dena jima'i tare da kuyanga yayin saye da sayarwa domin samun tabbacin rashin ɗauƙar ciki), Istibra'i daga jinin haila (Bincika farji bayan yankewa jinin haila).

Nazarin Ma'ana Da Wuraren Da Ake Amfani Da Ita

Yawanci ana amfani da kalmar istibra'i kan aiki na mustahabbi wanda mutum yake yinsa bayan fitsari da fitar maniyyi domin tabbatar da fitar da baki ɗayan fitsari da maniyyi daga magudanarsu.[1] Kalmar istibra'i ana amfani da ita kan wasu abubuwan daban a cikin fiƙihu kamar Istibra'in dabbobi masu cin najasa, istibra'in mahaifa da istibra'in haila.

Hanyoyin Yin Istibra'i

Cikin istibra'i na fitsari, maza bayan fitsari za su ja yatsan tsakiya na hannun hago sau uku daga dubura zuwa tushen azzakari, bayan nan sai a sanya babban yatsa na hannun hagu a saman azzakari, sannan wani yatsa a ƙasa, a ja daga can har zuwa wurin kan kaciya, daga nan sai a matsa saman azzakari sai uku.[2]

Istibra'i na maniyyi bashi da bambanci da na fitsari, sai dai cewa shi ana yin sa bayan fitsari, amma tare da haka wasu daga malaman fiƙihu sun tafi kan cewa bayan fitar maniyyi idan aka yi fitsari ya wadatar, idan mutum ya kasa yin fitsari, to idan ya yi istibra'i misalin istibra'in fitsari yana wadatarwa.[3]

Tsarkakuwar Danshin Da Ake Kokwanto Kansa Bayan Istibra'i

Bisa fatawar malaman fiƙihu idan ya zama bayan yin istibra'i sai wani danshi da ake shakku kansa ya fito daga magudanar fitsari ta maza, to wannan danshi tsarkakakke ne kuma baya lalata alwala da wanka;[4] amma idan wani bayan fitsari bai yi istibra'i ba kuma wani danshi abin kokwanto ya fito, to wannan danshi najasa ne kuma yana lalata alwala.[5] Bisa fatawar masshur idan wani bayan fitowar maniyyi sai ya yi wanka ba tare da yin istibra'i ba, bayan gama wanka sai danshi ya fito daga magudanar fitsari kuma bai bambancewa shin maniyyi ne ko wani abu daban, wajibi ne ya sake yin wanka.[6]

Shin Mata Suna Yin Istibra'i

Malaman fiƙihu sun yi saɓani game da istibra'i na mata; aksarin malamai sun tafi kan cewa mustahabbancin istibra'i ya keɓantu da maza ne kaɗai.[7] Kan wannan asasi ne danshi da yake fitowa bayan fitsari ko fitar maniyyi daga mata ko da ba su yi istibra'i ba ana masa hukunci da tsarki.[8] Amma tare da haka, yana da kyau mata bayan gama fitsari sun ɗan jira kaɗan su yi haƙuri ka da su miƙe, bayan nan su yi Tanahanuhi (Su ƙaƙaro nishi) su matse farjinsu.[9] Allama Hilli ya tafi kan cewa mata suna yin istibra'i,[10] sai dai kuma bai yi bayanin hanyar da suke yi ba.[11]

Istibra'in Dabbobi Masu Cin Najasa

Ana yin Istibra'i kan dabbobi masu cin najasa; kan wannan asasi domin halasta nama da nonon dabbobin da ya halasta aci namansu waɗanda suka saba da cin najasa, wajibi a hana su ci gaba da cin najasa cikin wani ayyananne lokaci.[12] tsayin Lokutan istibra'i yana bambanta dabbobi daban-daban: bisa abin da Shaik Ɗusi ya faɗa, ana yi wa Raƙumi mai cin najasa istibra'i na tsawon kwanki 40 ana hana shi cin najasa, Saniya kwanaki 20, Tunkiya kwanaki 7 ko 10, Kaza kuma kwanaki 3.[13]

Istibra'i Daga Jinin Haila

Bincika farji bayan ɗaukewar jinin haila da mata ke yi wata-wata: Kan asasin hukunce-hukuncen fiƙihu, idan jinin haila ya ɗauke kafin kwanaki goma sannan mace ta yi tsammanin cewa akwai ragowar jini cikin mahaifarta, wajibi ne ta sanya audiga cikin farjinta,[14] bayan nan sai ta fito da ita waje, idan wannan audiga ba ta cuɗanya da jini ba, to matar ta tsarkaka daga jinin haila, idan kuma ba haka ba to wajibi ta yi haƙuri ta jira har sai ta tsarkaka.[15]

Bayanin kula

  1. ↑ Tabataba'i Yazdi, Al-Urwa Al-Wuthqa, 1419 AH, juzu'i. 1, shafi. 323.
  2. ↑ Tabataba'i Yazdi, Al-Urwa Al-Wuthqa, 1419 AH, juzu'i. 1, shafi. 322.
  3. ↑ Hakim, Mustamsak al-Urwah, 1416 AH, juzu'i. 3, shafi. 109.
  4. ↑ Allamah Hilli, Muntaha al-Matalib, 1412 AH, juzu'i. 1, shafi. 255; Najafi, Jawaher al-Kalam, 1404 AH, juzu'i. 3, shafi. 122.
  5. ↑ Allamah Hilli, Muntaha al-Matalib, 1412 AH, juzu'i. 1, shafi. 255.
  6. ↑ Najafi, Jawaher al-Kalam, 1404 AH, juzu'i. 3, shafi. 126.
  7. ↑ Najafi, Jawaher al-Kalam, 1404 AH, juzu'i. 2, shafi na 57-58, juzu'i. 3, shafi. 112.
  8. ↑ Hakim, Mustamsik al-Urwah, 1416 AH, juzu'i. 2, shafi. 228.
  9. ↑ Tabataba'i Yazdi, Al-Urwa Al-Wuthqa, 1419 AH, juzu'i. 1, shafi. 323.
  10. ↑ Allamah Hilli, Muntaha al-Matalib, 1412 AH, juzu'i. 1, shafi. 256.
  11. ↑ Najafi, Jawaher al-Kalam, 1404 AH, juzu'i. 2, shafi. 58.
  12. ↑ Tabataba'i Yazdi, Al-Urwa Al-Wuthqa, 1419 AH, juzu'i. 1, shafi. 278.
  13. ↑ Sheikh Tusi, Al-Khelaf, 1407H, Juzu'i na 6, shafi na 85-86.
  14. ↑ Najafi, Jawaher al-Kalam, 1404 AH, juzu'i. 3, shafi. 189.
  15. ↑ Shahid Thani, Rawd al-Jinan, Al-Bayt Foundation, p. 73; Najafi, Jawaher al-Kalam, 1404 AH, juzu'i. 3, shafi na 189-190.

Nassoshi

  • Allama Helli, Hassan bn Yusuf, Muntahi al-Muttalib fi Taqqiq al-Madhab, wanda sashen Fiqhu na Islamic Research Society, Mashhad, Majma’ al-Bhooth al-Islamiyya ya shirya, 1412H.
  • Hakim, Sayyid Mohsen, Mustamsik al-Urwa al-Wuthqa, Qom, Darul Tafsir Institute, 1416H.
  • Saduq, Muhammad bn Ali, Min la-Ihazrah al-Faqih, Qum, ofishin wallafe-wallafen Musulunci mai alaka da kungiyar malamai ta Qum, 1413 AH.
  • Shahid Thani, Zainul-Din ibn Ali, Rawd al-Jinan fi Sharh al-Irshad, Qum, Aal al-Bayt Institute, sallal Lahu alayhi wa alihi wa sallam, Bita (Ba tare da shekara ba)
  • Tabataba’i Yazdi, al-Urwa al-Wuthqa fima ta’am bi al-Balawi (al-Mahashi), edited by Ahmad Mohseni Sabzewari, Qum, Islamic Publications Office mai alaka da kungiyar Malamai Seminary Qum, 1419 AH.
  • Tusi, Muhammad ibn Hassan, Al-Khalaf, wanda Ali Khorasani ya shirya da sauransu, Qum, ofishin wallafe-wallafen Musulunci mai alaka da kungiyar malamai ta Qum, 1407H.
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