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Auren Musulmi tare da Waɗanda Ba Musulmi Ba

Daga wikishia


Aure musulmi tare da waɗanda ba musulmi ba, wata mas'ala mai dogon tarihi cikin bahasosin fiƙihu na Shi'a da Ahlus-Sunna, wace da kanta ta jirkice tare da rarrabuwa zuwa ƙananan mas'aloli daban-daban. Bisa fatawar baki ɗayan malaman Shi'a da Ahlus-Sunna, aure tsakanin musulma da wanda ba musulmi ba baya halatta, wannan wanda ba musulmin ba shin kafiri zimmi ne ko Ahlul-Kitabi ne, shin aure na da'imi ko muwaƙƙati. Haka nan auren musulmi tare da mace kafira da ba ta yi imani da Allah ba shi ma haramun ne.

Malaman fiƙihu na Shi'a sun yi saɓani game da auren musulmi da mace Ahlul-Kitabi. Bisa ra'ayin masshur na malamai, aure na da'imi tsakanin musulmi da mace Ahlul-Kitabi ba ya halatta, ammam aure na wucin gadi da musulmi yake yi da wace ba musulma ba ya halatta, malaman fiƙihu na Ahlus-Sunna sun halatta auren da'imi tsakanin musulmi da mace Ahlul-Kitabi.

Muhimmanci

Auren musulmi tare da waɗanda ba musulmi ba wata mas'ala ce ta fiƙihu wace aka yi bahasi kanta cikin fiƙihun Shi'a da ma fiƙihun Ahlus-Sunna.[1] Wannan mas'ala, akankin kanta tana rarrabuwa zuwa wasu adadin rassa; misalin 1. Auren musulma tare da wanda ba musulmi ba, 2. Auren da'imi da musulmi yake yi tare da wace ba musulma ba, 3. Aure muwaƙƙati da musulmi yake yi da wace ba musulma ba. Cikin dokokin farar hula na Iran nan ma an gangara kan wannan mas'ala.[2]

Auren Mace Musulma Tare da Wanda Ba Musulmi Ba

Cikin fiƙihun Shi'a da Ahlus-Sunna an yi ittifaƙi cewa ba ya halasta ga musulma ta auri wanda ba musulmi ko da kuwa ya kasance daga Ahlul-Kitabi.[3] A wannan hukunci, babu bambanci cikin kafiri zimmi, harbi da murtaddi, kuma haka babu bambanci cikin auren da'imi ne ko aure muwaƙƙati.[4] Wannan hukunci ya zo a cikin doka mai lamba 1059 a dokokin farar hula na Iran.[5]

Auren Musulmi Tare da Mace Ahlul-Kitabi

Baki ɗayan mazhabobin Ahlus-Sunna sun halatta musulmi aure tare da mace Ahlul-Kitabi;[6] Amma malaman fiƙihu na Shi'a sun yi warwara tsakanin aure na da'imi da muwaƙƙati da musulmi yake yi da mace Ahlul-Kitabi, sun tafi kan halascin aure muwaƙƙati tare da ita, amma sun haramta aure na da'imi da ita.[7] Muhaƙƙiƙ Hilli da Faizul Kashani suna ganin wannan shi ne masshur ɗin matafiyar Imamiyya.[8] Ibn Sa'id Hilli ya ce wannan mahanga ita ce abin da malaman fiƙihun Shi'a suka haɗu a kansa.[9]

Na'am akwai rahoton cewa mahangar masshur cikin magabatan malaman Shi'a kafin Muhaƙƙiƙ Hilli shi cewa aure tare da Ahlul-Kitabi cikin ko wace sura ba ya halasta.[10] Shaikh Mufid,[11] Shaik Ɗusi,[12] Sayyid Murtada[13] da Ɗabarsi[14] suna cikin waɗanda suka tafi kan wannan ra'ayi.[15] Haka nan an ce kishiyar wannan ra'ayi, malaman fiƙihu kamar Shaik Saduƙ,[16] Shahidus Sani,[17] Faizul Kashani[18] da Sahibul Jawahir[19] sun halasta aure muwaƙƙati tare da mace Ahlul-Kitabi.[20] Sahibul Jawahir ya naƙalto daga Shaik Ɗusi a littafin Almabsuɗ cewa ya halatta aure muwaƙƙati tsakanin musulmi da mace Ahlul-Kitabi, kuma wannan shi ne abin da baki ɗayan malaman fiƙihun imamiyya suka haɗu akansa.[21]

Muhammad Jawad Mugniyya, malamin Shi'a ɗanƙasar Labanun, ya rubuta cewa a wannan zamani namu (Ƙarni na 14 hijira) jama'a masu yawa daga malaman fiƙihun imamiyya sun tafi kan halascin auren da'imi tare da matan Ahlul-Kitabi, kuma kotukan mazhabar Shi'a a ƙasar Labanun suna ƙulla wannan aure.[22]

Auren Musulmi Tare da Matan Addinin Zartush

Game da auren musulmi tare da mata zartushawa akwai saɓani tsakanin malamai.[23] An ce wasu jama'a daga malaman fiƙihu suna ganin halascin aure muwaƙƙati tare da matan zartush.[24] Shaik Saduƙ ya haramta aure tare da su.[25] Amma Muhaƙƙiƙ Hilli yana ganin matan zartush ba su da bambanci da matan Ahlul-Kitabi, kuma aure muwaƙƙati ya halasta tare da su.[26]

Hukuncin Auren Musulmi Tare da Mace Wadda Ba Ahlul-Kitabi Ba

A cikin fiƙihun Shi'a bai halatta musulmai su yi auratayya tare da kafirai da ba su yarda da Allah da ranar lahira ba.[27] Cikin wannan hukunci babu bambanci cikin kasancewa aure da'imi ko aure muwaƙƙati ne.[28] Malaman fiƙihu cikin wannan batu sun yi da'awar ijma'i.[29] Haka nan malaman fiƙihu, sun haramta aure ko wane iri tare da Baha'iyya.[30]

Taƙaitaccen Nazari

  • Littafin Izdiwaje Bi Gairi Musalmanan, rubutun Muhammad Rida Jabbaran, kamfanin Intsiharat Bostane Kitab ne suka buga shi a shekarar 2004 miladiyya.
  • Littafin Izdiwaje Ba Biganegan Dar Fiƙhe Islam Wa Sayiere Shara'I'il Ilahi, rubutun Muhammad Ibrahimi, kamfanin Intsiharat Bostane Kitab ne suka buga shi a shekarar 2003.

Bayanin kula

  1. ↑ Mughniyeh, Fiqh Ali al-Mazahib al-Khamsa, 1402 AH, shafi. 314; Ibn Saeed Hali, Al-Jamee Lal-Shari’a, 1405H, shafi. 432; Sayyid Morteza, Al-Masa'il al-Nasiriyat, 1417 AH, shafi na 327.
  2. ↑ Azimzadeh Ardebili, Ilalu Wa Mustnadat Hurmate Izdiwaje Gairi Musulman, shafi. 42.
  3. ↑ Mughniyeh, Fiqh Ali al-Mazahib al-Khamsa, 1402 AH, shafi. 314; Ibn Saeed Hali, Al-Jamee Lal-Shari’a, 1405H, shafi. 432; Sayyid Morteza, Al-Masa'il al-Nasiriyat, 1417 AH, shafi na 327.
  4. ↑ Azimzadeh Ardebili, Ilalu Wa Mustnadat Hurmate Izdiwaje Gairi Musulman, shafi. 34.
  5. ↑ Azimzadeh Ardebili, Ilalu Wa Mustnadat Hurmate Izdiwaje Gairi Musulman, shafi. 42.
  6. ↑ Mughniyeh, Fiqh Ali al-Mazahib al-Khamsa, 1402 AH, shafi. 314, Burji, Izdiwaje Ba Zanane Ahlul Kitabi,” shafi. 122.
  7. ↑ Halabi, Al-Kafi fi al-Fiqh, 1403 AH, shafi. 299; Shahid Awal, Al-Lama'at al-Damashqiyya, Dar al-Fikr, shafi. 166; Sheikh Tusi, Al-Nihayah, Beirut, 1400 AH, shafi. 457.
  8. ↑ Mohaghegh Hilli, Shar'e al-Islam, 1409 AH, juzu'i. 2, shafi. 520; Faiz Kashani, Mofatih al-Shara'ee, Qum, Al-Zhakhar al-Islamiya Jama'ah, 1401 AH, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 249.
  9. ↑ Ibn Saeed Hilli, Al-Jami' al-Shara'i, 1405H, shafi. 432.
  10. ↑ Burji, Izdiwaje Ba Zanane Ahlul Kitabi,” shafi. 120.
  11. ↑ Sheikh Mufid, al-Muqni'a, 1413 AH, shafi na 500.
  12. ↑ Sheikh Tusi, Al-Mabsut, Tehran, 2008, juzu'i. 4, shafi. 209.
  13. ↑ Sayyed Morteza, Al-Intisar, Qum, shafi. 279.
  14. ↑ Tabarsi, al-Mu'talif Min al-Makhtali biana A'immatil al-Salaf, 1410 AH, juzu'i. 2, shafi. 144.
  15. ↑ Babaei,Pajuheshi Darabaraye Izdiwaje Ba Zanane Ahlul-Kitabi, shafi. 14.
  16. ↑ Sheikh Sadouq, Al-Muqni'a, 1415 AH, shafi. 308.
  17. ↑ Shahid Thani, Masalak al-Afham, Islamic Encyclopaedia Foundation, juzu'i na 7, shafi na 360.
  18. ↑ Faiz Kashani, Mufatih al-Shara'ee, 1401 AH, juzu'i. 2, shafi. 249.
  19. ↑ Najafi, Jawaher al-Kalam, 1362, juzu'i. 30, shafi. 31.
  20. ↑ Babaei, Pajuheshi Darbaraye Izdiwaje Ba Zanane Ahlul-Kitab”, shafi. 15.
  21. ↑ Najafi, Jawaher al-Kalam, 1362, juzu'i. 30, shafi. 39.
  22. ↑ Mughniyeh, Fiqh Ala al-Mazaheb al-Khamsa, 1402 AH, shafi. 315.
  23. ↑ Burji,Izdiwaje Ba Zanane Ahlul Kitabi,” shafi. 145.
  24. ↑ Kalantari, Izdiwaje Ba Kafiran, Fiqhe Shomare, No. 7 da 8, bazara da bazara 1997, shafi. 247.
  25. ↑ Sheikh Sadouq, Al-Muqnia, 1415 AH, shafi. 308.
  26. ↑ Mohaqiq Hilli, Shara'i'ul Islam, 1409 AH, juzu'i. 2, shafi. 520.
  27. ↑ Mughniyeh, Fiqh Ala al-Mazaheb al-Khamsa, 1402 AH, shafi. 314; Motahari, Majmu'eh Asar, 1390, juzu'i. 27, shafi. 221.
  28. ↑ Mohammad Hosseinzadeh, Izdiwaje Da'im Ba Ahlul Kitabi Dar Fiƙhe Islami Wa Huƙuƙ Madani Iran," shafi. 150.
  29. ↑ Hurru Amali, Nihayat al-Maram, Qum, juzu'i. 1, shafi. 189; Fayz Kashani, Mafatih al-Shara’i, 1401 AH, juzu’i. 2, ku. 248; Shahid Awwal, Al-Lama’ al-Damasqiyya, Dar al-Fikr, shafi. 166; Mohaqiq Hilli, Sharia’i al-Islam, 1409 AH, juzu’i. 2, shafi. 520.
  30. ↑ Golpayegani, Majma' al-Mas'eel, 1409 AH, juzu'i. 4, shafi. 295; Khomeini, Istifta'at, 1372H, juzu'i. 3, shafi. 128.

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