Abdullahi Ɗan Amir Ɗan Kuraizi

Daga wikishia

Abdullahi ɗan Amir ɗan Kuraizi (Larabci: عبد الله بن عامر بن كُرَيز) ya rayu tsakanin shekaru 4- 59 bayan hijira, yana daga cikin masu adawa da Imam Ali (A.S) a lokacin yaƙin Jamal ƙarƙashin jagorancin Ɗalha da Zubair a kuma yakin Siffin ya kasance cikin rundunar Mu'awiya a lokacin da ya fuskanci Imam Ali (A.S).

Ibn Amir ya kasance Baƙuraishe, kuma ɗa ne ga baffan Usman ɗan Affan (halifa na uku), Usman ya naɗa shi a shekara ta 29 bayan hijira gwamnan Basra, kuma ya yi ayyukan gina-gine a garin basra. da umarnin usman ya kai wa Iran hari, kazalika shi ma yana tare da Mu'awiya kuma ɗaya ne daga cikin kwamandojinshi a lokacin da ya tunkari Imam Hassan (A.S), da Mu'awiya ya zama halifa ya sake naɗa shi a matsayin gwamnan basra. Abdullahi bin Amir ya rasu a shekara ta 59 bayan hijira, an binne shi a Arafat.

Nasabarsa da Yayansa

Abdullahi ɗan Amir ɗan Kuraizi Baƙuraishe ne, kuma ɗa ne ga baffan Usman ɗan Affan.[1] Mahaifiyarshi ita ce Dajjaja ƴar Asma'iu Silmiyya, mahaifinshi shi ne Amir shi Amir ɗa ne ga ƴar uwar mahaifin Manzon Allah (S.A.W) wanda ya musulunta a lokacin Fatahu Makka.[2]

An haifi Abdullahi ɗan Amir a shekara ta 4 bayan hijira a Makka, a lokacin da Manzon Allah (S.A.W) ya tafi Makka domin yin Umratul ƙada a Makka sai suka kawo shi wurin Manzon Allah (S.A.W), yana ɗan shekara uku. Sai manzon Allah (S.A.W), ya tattauna abin ci ya sa masa a baki,[3] ya yi masa addu'a yana mai cewa: “Ina fatan ya zo mai shayarwa,[4] amma Ibn Ƙutaiba ya ruwaito addu'ar Annabi (S.A.W). ) gare shi ya ce: Ina fatan ya kasance mai takawa.[5]

ɗan Amir yana da ƴaƴa maza 12 da ƴaƴa mata 6,[6] kuma yana da ɗa mai suna Abdur-rahaman, don haka ake yi masa laƙabi da Abi Abdur-rahaman.[7]

Shugabancin Basra

a shekara 29 bayan hijira Usman ɗan Affan ya cire Abu Musal Al-Ash'ari daga gwamnan Basra, ya naɗa Abdullahi ɗan Amir, a lokacin da yana ɗa shekara 25,[8] sai Usman ya rubuta wa Abu Musa wasiƙa a cikinta yana cewa: na san falalarka, kuma kana cikin muhajirun na farko-farko, amma ni ina son in sada zumunci na da Abdullahi ɗan Amir, kuma na umarce shi da ya ba ka Dirhami dubu talatin.[9]

Ayyukan Raya Garin Basra

Abdullahi ɗan Amir ya sayi wasu gidaje a wani yanko a basra kuma ya yi umarnin da rusa su, ya gina kasuwa a wurin, [akwai buƙatar masdari] kuma ya haƙa wani dam a gabashin Basra da sunan babarsa Ummu Abdullahi,[10] kuma ya tona wasu koguna guda biyu da ake kira Koramar Ablah, da Koramar Asawira.[10] Shi ne farkon wanda ya fara gina tafki a Arafa ya jawo ruwa yana gudana ya shayar da mutane ruwa.[11]

Garuruwan Da Ya Buɗe [Futuhat]

Bayan Abdullahi ɗan Amir ya ɗare karagar mulki, ya ci gaba da yaƙi (futuhat) da suka fara tun zamanin halifa na biyu, Usman ya umarce shi da ya kai wa Iran hari,[12] don haka ya ci yankuna da garuruwa a Iran a zamanin halifancin Usman da ma lokacin da Mu'awiya ya karbi mulki, kuma waɗannan garuruwan an buɗe su ne ko ta hanyar yaƙi ko ta hanyar sulhu.[13] Daga cikin yankunan da suka ci nasara akwai Shabur, Fasa, Darabakarde da Rafsanjan, Isɗakar, da yankunan tsakiyar Iran, Sajistan, Sistan, Zaranji, Naisahabur, tsakiyar tsakiyar Tus, Kabul, Harat, Marwe, Balak, Taliƙan, Juwaini, Fariyab, ɗakaristan, Sarkas da kuma gabashiin Iran.[14]

Tarayyar Shi A Yaƙin Jamal

A farkon mulkin Imam Ali (A.S) a shekara ta 35 bayan hijira, ya cire ɗan Amir daga mukamin gwamnan Basra, ya naɗa Usman ɗan Hanif a madadinshi,[15] Sai ɗan Amir ya ɗauki kudin Baitulmali ya tafi Makka, yayin da Ɗalha da Zubairu suka haɗu da A'isha a Makka don yin tawaye ga Imam Ali (A.S) sai suka yanke shawarar su tafi Sham, amma ɗan Amir ya hana su, ya ba su shawarar su tafi Basra, domi a can akwai tarin dukiya,[16] ɗan Amir ya ba su kuɗi masu yawa a shirya-shiryan yaki,[17] kuma ya halarci yaƙin Jamal don yakar Imam Ali (A.S),[18] an kashe ɗanshi Abdur-rahman a wannan yakin,[19] bayan da aka shan kashi a yaƙin Jamal da kashe Ɗalha da Zubair, sai ɗan Amir ya koma Dimashƙ ya ci gaba da rayuwarsa a can.[20]

Aboakantakarsa Da Mu'awiya

ɗan Amir ya kasance a cikin sojojin Mu'awiya a yaƙin Siffin,[21] kuma ba a ambaci irin rawar da ya taka a wannan yakin ba.[22] Bayan shahadar Imam Ali (A.S), yayin da mutane suka yi wa Imam Hassan (A.S) bai'a, ɗan Amir ya jagoranci rundunar Mu'awiya don tunkarar Imam Hassan (A.S), amma al'amarin ya kare da sanya hannu a kan zaman lafiya da sulhu.[23]

A lokacin da Mu'awiya ya karbi halifanci, kuma bisa buƙatar ɗan Amir, sai aka sake naɗa shi a matsayin gwamnan Basra na tsawon shekaru uku,[24] sai Mu'awiyah ya aura mishi ƴarshi Hindu.[25] ɗan Amir ya rasu shekara ɗaya kafin wafatin Mu'awiya, wato a shekara ta 59 bayan hijira a Makka, an binne shi a Arafat,[26] ya yi wasiyya kan halifanci kafin rasuwar shi ga Abdullahi ɗan Zubairu.[27]

Bayanin kula

  1. ↑ Ibn Saad, Tabaqat al-Kubra, 1410 AH, juzu'i na 5, shafi na 32; Ibn Abd al-Barr, Al-Isti’ab, 1412H, juzu’i na 3, shafi na 932.
  2. ↑ Ibn Qutaybah, Al-Ma’arif, 1992 miladiyya, shafi na 320-321.
  3. ↑ Ibn Saad, Tabaqat al-Kubra, 1410H, juzu'i na 5, shafi na 33.
  4. ↑ Al-Baladhuri, Ansab al-Ashraf, 1417 AH, juzu'i na 9, shafi na 356; Ibn Abd al-Barr, Al-Isti’ab, 1412H, juzu’i na 3, shafi na 932.
  5. ↑ Ibn Qutaybah, Al-Ma’arif, 1992 Miladiyya, shafi na 321
  6. ↑ Ibn Saad, Tabaqat al-Kubra, 1410, juzu'i na 5, shafi na 32. ↑
  7. ↑ Ibn Saad, Tabaqat al-Kubra, 1410 AH, juzu'i na 5, shafi na 36; Al-Baladhuri, Ansab al-Ashraf, 1417 AH, juzu'i na 9, shafi na 358.
  8. ↑ Al-Tabari, Tarikh al-Umam wa al-Maluk, 1387H, juzu'i na 4, shafi na 264.
  9. ↑ Ibn Saad, Tabaqat al-Kubra, 1410H, juzu'i na 5, shafi na 33.
  10. ↑ Ibn Qutaiba, al-Maarif, 1992, shafi na 321.
  11. ↑ Ibn Saad, Tabaqat al-Kubra, 1410H, juzu'i na 5, shafi na 35.
  12. ↑ Al Yaqoubi, Tarikh Al Yaqoubi, Beirut, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 166.
  13. ↑ Ibn Saad, Tabaqat al-Kubra, 1410H, juzu'i na 5, shafi na 34.
  14. ↑ Al Yaqoubi, Tarikh Al Yaqoubi, Beirut, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 166-167; Ibn Saad, Tabaqat al-Kubra, 1410H, juzu'i na 5, shafi na 34.
  15. ↑ Al-Maqdisi, Al-bad'u wa Al-Tarikh, Maktabat Al-Thaqafa Al-Diniya, juzu'i na 5, shafi na 210.
  16. ↑ Al-Thaqafi, Al-Gharat, 1353, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 646.
  17. ↑ Al-Tabari, Tarikh al-umam wa al-Maluk, 1387H, juzu'i na 4, shafi na 452.
  18. ↑ Al-Thaqafi, Al-Gharat, 1353, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 646
  19. ↑ Ibn Saad, Tabaqat al-Kubra, 1410 AH, juzu'i na 5, shafi na 36; Al-Balazari, Ansab al-Ashraf, 1417 AH, juzu'i na 9, shafi na 358.
  20. ↑ Al-Tabari, Tarikh al-umam wa al-Maluk, 1387 AH, juzu'i na 4, shafi na 536; Ibn Asaker, Tarikh madinati Damashk, 1415, juzu'i na 29, shafi na 261.
  21. ↑ Al-Manangari, Waqqa Al-Siffin, 1382 Hijira, shafi na 246 da 417.
  22. ↑ Ibn Saad, Tabaqat al-Kubra, 1410H, juzu'i na 5, shafi na 36.
  23. ↑ Al-Dinuri, Al-Akhbar al-Tawwal, 1368, shafi na 216.
  24. ↑ Ibn Saad, Tabaqat al-Kubra, 1410H, juzu'i na 5, shafi na 36.
  25. ↑ Al-Balazari, Ansab al-Ashraf, 1417 AH, juzu'i na 9, shafi na 358.
  26. ↑ Ibn Qutaiba, al-Maarif, 1992, shafi na 321.
  27. ↑ Ibn Abd al-Barr, Al-Isti’ab, 1412H, juzu’i na 3, shafi na 932.

Nassoshi

  • Al-Baladhuri, Ahmed bin Yahya, 'Ansab al-Ashraf, Beirut, Darul Fikr, bugu na daya, 1417H.
  • Al-Baladhuri, Ahmed bin Yahya, Futuhul Albuldan', Beirut, Al-Hilal Library, 1988 AD.
  • Al-Dinuri, Ahmed bin Daoud, The Dogon News, Qum, Al-Radi Publications, 1368H.
  • Al-Manqari, Nasr bin Muzahim, 'Wak'atu Siffin, Alkahira, Mu'assasar Larabawa ta Zamani, bugu na biyu, 1382H.
  • Al-Maqdisi, Mutahir bin Taher, Albad'u wa Al-tarikh, Port Said, Laburaren Al'adun Addini, d.d.
  • Al-Tabari, Muhammad bin Jarir, 'Tarikh Al-umam wa A-muluk, Beirut, Dar Al-Turath, bugu na biyu, 1387H.
  • Al-Thaqafi Kufi, Ibrahim bin Muhammad, Raids, Beirut, Anjman Athar Milli, 1353 H.
  • Al-Yaqubi, Ahmed bin Abi Yaqoub, 'History of Al-Yaqubi, Beirut, Dar Sader, d.d.
  • Ibn Abdul-Barr, Yusuf bin Abdullah bin Muhammad, Shar', Beirut, Dar Al-Jeel, 1412H.
  • Ibn Asakir, Ali bin Hassan, 'Tarihin madunati Damascus, Beirut, Darul Fikr, 1415H.
  • Ibn Qutaybah, Abdullah bin Muslim, Al-Ma'arif, Alkahira, Al-Ma'arif Publishing, bugu na biyu, 1992 miladiyya.
  • Ibn Saad, Muhammad bin Saad, Al-Tabaqat Al-Kubra, Beirut, Dar Al-Kutub Al-Ilmiyyah, bugu na 1, 1410H.
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