Ta'iyyatu Di'ibil

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Ta'iyyatu Di'ibil, (Larabci: التائية دعبل) wata waƙa ce da Di'ibil ya rera game da Ahlul-baiti (A.S). wannan waƙa tana cikin mafi kyawun waƙoƙi da aka rera domin Ahlul-baiti. Wannan ƙasida tana da baituka guda 120 wace cikin ta aka bijiro da magana game da halifanci da wilayar Imam Ali (A.S) da falaloli da musibu da suka samu Ahlul-baiti.

Di'ibil ya fara rera wannan waƙa ga Imam Rida (A.S) a garin Marwe da yake arewacin ƙasar Iran, Imam Rida (A.S) ya yaba da wannan ƙasida ta Di'ibil.

Imam Rida (A.S) ya yi kyautar sulallen zinare ko azurfa da aka buga su da sunansa tare da rigarsa ga Di'ibil bisa wannan waƙa da ya rerawa Ahlul-baiti (A.S), bayan ƙara adadin wasu baituka sai ma'anar wannan ƙasida ta ƙara kammaluwa.

An rubuta sharhi-sharhi da tarjama kan ƙasida ta'iyya, daga jumlarsu akwai:"Sharhu Wa Tarjame ƙasida Ta'iyyati Di'ibil" talifin Allama Majlisi.

Matsayi

ƙasidar Ta'iyyati Di'ibil, wata waƙa ce ta Di'ibil Ɗan Ali Khuza'i daga cikin sahabban Imam Rida (A.S), wannan waƙa ta kasance dag mafi kyawun ƙasidu da aka rera domin Ahlul-baiti (A.S).[1] Jafar Subhani marubicin tarihi kuma marja'in taƙlidi na shi'a, yana ɗaukar wannan ƙasida matsayin wani dawwamammen sanadi na tarihi da cikin sa aka yi bayanin irin siyasar bani umayya da bani abbas suka yin kan Ahlul-baiti (A.S).[2] a cewar Sayyid Muhsin Amin a cikin littafin A'ayan Ash-shi'a, wannan waƙar ta yi matuƙar samun shahara da yaɗuwa ta kai ga malaman tarihi sai da suka yi bahasi a kanta, sannan mawaƙa daban-daban sun ishara da wannan ƙasaida a cikin waƙoƙinsu.[3]

Maudu'in Wannan Ƙasida Da Dalilin Sanya Wannan Suna

ƙasida ce cikin yabo da darajojin Ahlul-baiti (A.S) da Di'ibil ya rera domin bayanin irin musibun da suka faru da Ahlul-baiti (A.S). wilayar Imam Ali (A.S), nuna ƙauna ga Alu Muhammad, jafa'in kan kan maƙiya Imam Ali (A.S) da iyalansa bayan wafatin Annabi (S.A.W), waƙi'ar karbala da miƙewar alawiyyawa kan halifancin bani umayya da bani abbas, suna daga maudu'ai da aka bijiro da su cikin wannan ƙasida.[4]

Cikin adabin larabci, ana ciro sunayen muhimman ƙasidu daga maginar haruffan da suke zuwa a ƙarshen ƙafiyar baiti, da wannan dalili ne wannan ƙasida ta samun wannan suna na ta'iyyati di'ibil.[5] wannan ƙasida ta shahara da sunan “Madarisu ayat" ma'ana mahallin koyan ayoyin kur'ani.[6] haka nan ana kiran ta da “Ta'iyyatu Al-kubra" da “Ta'iyya Al-khalida" ma'ana dawwamammiyar ta'iyyatu.[7] Di'ibil ya rubuta wannan ƙasida a kan wani kyalle kan wannan kyalle ya ɗaura ihrami tare da yin wasiyya da ayi masa likkafani daga wannan kyalle.[8]

Mabambantan Kwafi-kwafin Wannan Ƙasida

A cewar Allama Amini a cikin littafin Al-ghadir, abin da ya zo daga mabambantan rahotanni shi ne wannan ƙasida tana da baituka guda 120.[9] na'am Yaƙut Hamawi, marubucin tarihi a ƙarni na shida zuwa na bakwai, yana ganin cewa wannan ƙasida tana mabambantan kwafi-kwafi ya kawo zaton cewa ƴan shi'a ne suka ƙara adadin wasu baituka cikin ƙasidar.[10] Sayyid Muhsin Amin ya bayyana cewa wannan magana ta Yaƙut Hamawi magana ce mara inganci, ya ƙara da cewa bambantuwa kwafi-kwafi wannan ƙasida ya faru ne sakamakon bambance-bambance zauƙin masu naƙalto ƙasidar, kuma ya faru cikin zaɓo baitukan wannan ƙasida, saboda ƙasidar ta'iyya ta kasance doguwar ƙasida mai tsayin gaske, wasu ba'ari daga marawaitan wannan ƙasida sun cire ba'arin baituka sakamakon tsayin da take da shi.[11]

Yadda Imam Rida (A.S) Ya yi Mu'amala Tare da Ƙasidar

Di'ibil, bayan gama rera wannan ƙasida ya ɗaukar ma kansa alƙawari ba zai rerawa wani mutum wannan ƙasida kafin Imam Rida (A.S), da wannan dalili ya shirya ya tafi garin Marwe ya rerawa Imam Rida (A.S) wannan ƙasida.[12] Imam Rida (A.S) ya ji daɗin wannan ƙasida.[13] yayin da Di'ibil yake rerawa Imam baitukan wannan ƙasida, Imam Rida (A.S) ya yi kuka sosan gaske.[14] ya buƙaci Di'ibil ya sake rera masa wannan ƙasida har karo uku, sai dai ya zartar da abin da Imam ya nema daga gare shi ya maimaita rera masa har karo uku.[15]

Bayan Di'ibil cikin ƙasidarsa ya yi ishara da shahadar Imaman da suka gabata da ƙaburburansu, sai Imam Rida (A.S) ya ƙara waɗannan baituk da za su a ƙasa cikin ƙasidar:

وَ قَبْرٌ بِطُوسٍ يَا لَهَا مِنْ مُصِيبَةٍ

تَوَقَّدُ فِي الْأَحْشَاءِ بِالْحُرُقَاتِ‏ إِلَى الْحَشْرِ حَتَّى يَبْعَثَ اللَّهُ قَائِماً

يُفَرِّجُ عَنَّا الْهَمَّ وَ الْكُرُبَات‏Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; refs with no name must have content Sheikh Sadouq, Ayoun Akhbar al-Reza (AS), 1378 AH, Juzu'i na 2, shafi na 263-264.

Imam Rida (A.S) cikin waɗannan baituka guda biyu ya bada labarin cewa za a binne shi a garin Ɗus, kuma wannan wuri zai zama mahalin kai kawo ƴan shi'a masu zuwa ziyara. Haka nan ya yi bushara duk wanda ya ziyarce a Ɗus za a yafe masa zunubansa kuma a aljanna zai samu daraja ɗaya tare da Imam.[16]

Yayin da Di'ibil ya yi ishara cikin baitukansa guda biyu zuwa ga miƙewar Imam Mahadi (A.S), Imam Rida (A.S) ya yi Imani kan cewa waɗannan baituka biyu sun sauko daga ruhul ƙudus sai aka ɗora su kan harshen Di'ibil ya rera su cikin baitukan ƙasidarsa:

خُرُوجُ إِمَامٍ لَا مَحَالَةَ خَارِجٌ

يَقُومُ عَلَى اسْمِ اللَّهِ وَ الْبَرَكَات‏ يمَيِّزُ فِينَا كُلَّ حَقٍّ وَ بَاطِلٍ

وَ يُجْزِي عَلَى النَّعْمَاءِ وَ النَّقِمَات[17]

Kyautar Imam Rida (A.S) Zuwa Ga Di'ibil Khuza'i

Imam Rida (A.S) ya yi kyautan sulallan zinare ko azurfa wanda suke ɗauke da tambarin sunansa zuwa ga Di'ibil sannan ya ƙara masa da wata rigarsa.[18] bisa wata riwaya da Shaik Ɗusi ya naƙalto a littafinsa Al-amali, wannan riga da Imam Rida (A.S) ya bawa Di'ibil riga ya yi amfani da iya cikin yin sallah a dare dubu ɗaya kuma ko wane dare ya yi raka'a dubu ɗaya.[19] mutanen garin ƙum sun nemi Di'ibil ya sayar musu wannan riga da dinare dubu uku; amma sai ya ƙi karɓar tayin da suka yi masa, kaɗai dai ya ba su hannun riga sauran abin da ya rage daga rigar ya yi wasiyya a sanya su cikin likkafaninsa.[20] bisa ba'arin rahotanni ƴan shi'a sun sayi ko wane sulalla guda ɗaya daga sulallan da Imam Rida (A.S) ya baiwa Di'ibil da ninki biyunsa farashi.[21]

Sharhi-Sharhin Ta'iyya

An yi rubuta sharhi-sharhi kan ƙasida ta'iyya ta Di'ibil.[22] daga jumlar su akwai sunayen litattafan da za mu kawo a ƙasa: 1."Sharhu Wa Tarjame ƙasida Ta'iyyati Di'ibil": an rubuta wannan littafi cikin harshen farisanci tare da alƙalamin Allama Majlisi. Muhammad Luɗuf Zade ne ya yi gyara kan wannan littafi, kamfanin Intisharat Darul Al-mujtaba a garin ƙum ne suka buga shi tare da fitar da shi a shekara ta 2015 miladi, littafin yana shafuka 200.[23] Ali Muhaddis shi ma ya gyara kan wannan littafi a garin Tehran.[24]

2."Sharhu ƙasidatu Di'ibil Atta'iyati" talifin Muhammad Ɗan Muhammad Ɗan Fasawi (Sirikin Allama Majlisi): kamfanin Mu'assasatu Al-balag Bairut suka fitar da wannan littafi a shekarar 1436 hijira ƙamari, littafin yana da shafuka 487;[25] 3."Sharhu ƙasida Di'ibil" na Sayyid Ni'imatullahi Jaza'iri.[26]

  1. ↑ Abul Faraj Esfahani, Al-Aghani, 1415 Hijira, juzu'i na 20, shafi.294
  2. ↑ Sobhani, Adwa Ala Aqayed al-Shi’a, 1421 AH, shafi 52.
  3. ↑ Amin, Ayan al-Shia, 1403 AH, juzu'i na 6, shafi 401.
  4. ↑ Duba: Erbali, Kashf al-Ghumma, 2013, juzu'i na 2, shafi 318-327.
  5. ↑ Chobin, Di'ibil Sha'ir Imam Riza (A.S), 1377, shafi na 228-229.
  6. ↑ Majlesi, Bihar al-Anwar, 1403 AH, juzu'i na 29, shafi na 244.
  7. ↑ Chobin, Di'ibil Sha'ir Imam Riza (A.S), 1377, shafi na 228-229.
  8. ↑ Abul Faraj Esfahani, Al-Aghani, 1415 AH, juzu'i na 20, shafi na 295.
  9. ↑ Amini, Al-Ghadir, 1416 AH, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 512.
  10. ↑ Hamavi, Mujam al-udaba, 1414 AH, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 1285.
  11. ↑ Amin, Ayan al-Shia, 1403 AH, juzu'i na 6, shafi na 418.
  12. ↑ Sheikh Sadouq, Ayoun Akhbar al-Reza (AS), 1378 AH, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 263.
  13. ↑ Amini, Al-Ghadir, 1416 AH, Juzu'i na 2, shafi 497.
  14. ↑ Amini, Al-Ghadir, 1416 AH, Juzu'i na 2, shafi 497.
  15. ↑ Amini, Al-Ghadir, 1416 AH, Juzu'i na 2, shafi 497.
  16. ↑ Sheikh Sadouq, Ayoun Akhbar al-Reza (AS), 1378 AH, Juzu'i na 2, shafi na 264.
  17. ↑ Sheikh Sadouq, Ayoun Akhbar al-Reza (AS), 1378 AH, Juzu'i na 2, shafi na 265-266.
  18. ↑ Sheikh Sadouq, Ayoun Akhbar al-Reza (a.s.), 1378 AH, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 264; Abul Faraj Esfahani, Al-Aghani, 1415 AH, juzu'i na 20, shafi na 294.
  19. ↑ Sheikh Tusi, Amali, 1414 AH, shafi na 359.
  20. ↑ Abul Faraj Esfahani, Al-Aghani, 1415 AH, juzu'i na 20, shafi na 294.
  21. ↑ Amini, Al-Ghadir, 1416 AH, Juzu'i na 2, shafi 497.
  22. ↑ Hamar, “mukaddima,” dar Sharhi Kasidati Di’bal al-Ta’iyyah, 1436H, shafi na 8; Lotfizadeh, “mukaddima”, dar kitabe Sharhe wa tarjame kasidati Ta'iyeh Di'bal, 1394 AH, shafi na 16-18.
  23. ↑ Majlesi, Sharhi wa tarjame Ta'iye Di'bal', Edited by: Mohammad Lotfzadeh, 2014, ID book.
  24. ↑ Majlesi, Majlesi, Sharhi wa tarjame Ta'iye Di'bal, Tas'hihu Ali Muhaddith, 1359, ID na littafi.
  25. ↑ Faswi, Sharhe Kasidati Di’bal al-Ta’iyyah, 1436 AD, Kitab Shinasah.
  26. ↑ Aqabzarg Tehrani, Al-Dhari’ah, 1408H, juzu’i na 14, shafi na 12.
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