Sadakin Sunna
Sadakin Sunna (Larabci: مَهْر السُّنةِ) shi ne gwargwadon sadakin da Manzon Allah (S.A.W) ya auri matansa, ya kuma aurar ƴa'yansa mata da shi. Adadin kuɗin ya kai Dirhami 500, kwatankwacin giram 1500 na zallar azurfa. Ya zo a cikin riwayoyi cewa, sadakin Fatima Zahra (S) ko dai kuɗin sulku yaƙi ne na Imam Ali (A.S) ko wani kyallen yadin tufafi na Kittanin Yamani, ko kuma wani abin daban da ba Dirhami ba, wanda. kuɗinsa ya kasance tsakanin Dirhami 400 zuwa 500. Haka nan kuma ya zo a cikin riwayoyi cewa Imam Jawad (A.S) ya sanya sadakin matarsa Ummu Fadli ƴar Ma'amun Dirhami 500 dai-dai da sadakin Fatima Zahra (A.S). Malaman fikihu sun ba da fatawa cewa makaruhi ne sanya sadaki fiye da adadin sadakin sunna. A ɗaya bangaren kuma, wasu na ganin cewa adadin misiƙali 1500 na Dirhami a wannan zamani namu, ba wasu kuɗi ne masu yawa ba da ake la'akari da su. A zamanin Manzo (S.A.W) da Imamai (A.S) wannan kuɗin sun fi da zamaninmu. Don haka sun yi imanin cewa sadakin sunna bai yi daidai da ayyanannen adadin kuɗi ba, kuma sun nemi sanin ƙimar kuɗin ta hanyar ƙididdige ƙimar a yau. Sai dai sun ce sadakin sunna ba sadaki mai yawa ba ne.
Ma'ana
- Tushen ƙasida: Sadaki
Sadakin Sunna, sadaki ne da Manzon Allah (S.A.W) ya sanya wa matanshi da ƴa'yanshi mata kamar yadda wata riwaya ta tabbatar da hakan daga Shaik Saduƙ ya ruwaito.[1][2]
Yawanshi
Dangane da abin da aka rawaito a cikin riwayoyi, adadin kuɗin da za a yi sadaki na sunna da shi, shi ne Dirhami 500.[3] Sun ce waɗannan riwayoyi sun kai matsayin tawatiri.[4] Ya zo a cikin wasu riwayoyi cewa Annabi (S.A.W) bai ayyana sadaki ga matanshi ko ƴaƴanshi mata ba, da ya wuce daidai dirhami 500.[5]
Wasu Riwayoyi Da Suka Bambata Da Riwayoyin Sadakin Sunna
Akwai riwayoyi da dama a cikin litattafai da suka sha bamban da riwayoyin da suke sadakin Sunna. Daga ciki akwai abin da Shaikh Saduƙ ya ruwaito daga Imam Muhammad Baƙir (A.S) cewa sadakin Ummu Habiba matar Manzon Allah (S.A.W) Dirhami 400.[6] An ce a cikin wannan riwayar Imam Baƙir (A.S) ya ɗauki sadakin Ummu Habiba a matsayin kebantacce, kuma Najashi, sarkin Habasha, wanda shi ne wakilin Manzon Allah (S.A.W) da ya naɗa shi wajen auren Ummu Habiba, kuma shi ne ya bayar da sadaki Ummu Habiba maimakon Manzon Allah (S.A.W), kuma Annabi bai nuna rashin amincewa ba kan yawan sadakin.[7]
Haka nan an samu riwayoyi masu karo da juna game da sadakin Sayyida Fatima Zahra(S), da suka hada da cewa sadakinta Dirhami 480 ne, ko misiƙal 400 na dirhami, ko dirhami 500,[8] Ibn Shahre Ashub (488-588 bayan hijira), malamin hadisi na Shi'a, ya bayyana a cikin littafinsa Al-manaƙib cewa, sadakin Fatima Zahra (S) wani abu ne daban, kuma waɗannan bambance-bambancen sun samo asali ne daga darajar wannan abin, Sannan ya kawo riwayoyi da dama, daga cikinsu akwai cewa, sadakin Zahra (A.S) wani tsimma ne na kittani na Yaman, da fatar tunkiya wace ba jemammiya ba, da ganyen tirare, wasu daga cikin riwayoyi sun ce sadakinta wani sulken yaƙi ne, ko fatar Raƙumi wadda ba a jeme ba.[9]
Wasu masu bincike bayan nazarin dukkan riwayoyin da ke tattare da bayanin adadin sadakin Sunna da yin la'akari da tarihin ma'aiki mai daraja, da kuma riwayar da aka samo daga Imam Jawad (A.S), suna ganin da wannan abubuwa wajen tantance sadakin Ummu Fadli ƴar Ma'mun, wanda ya yi daidai da sadakin Sayyida Zahra (A.S)[10] cewa yawan Sadakin Fatima Zahra (A .S) bai wuce dirhami dari 500 ba.[11]
Wajabcin Sadakin Sunna Ko Mustahabbancinsa
Sahibul Jawahir, ɗaya daga cikin malaman fikihu na ƙarni na sha uku bayan hijira, ya bayyana cewa, abin da aka fi sani shi ne kada a iya kance sadaki da wani adadi na musamman, kuma ya halatta ya wuce adadin kuɗin da za a bayar ya wuce sadakin Sunna[12] A bisa fatawarsu, ba a son sanya sadakin da ya zarce na sunna idan kuma ya wuce to kawai makaruhi ne.[13]
Kamar yadda mai Sahibul Jawahir ya ambata, wasu malaman fikihu irin su Sayyid Murtada[14] daga cikin malaman ƙarni na hudu da na biyar bayan hijira, sun tafi a kan cewa adadin sadakin da ya zarce na sunna ba shi da inganci, kuma sun ce sadakin da mutum ya kamata ya bayar shi ne abin da yake daidai da adadin sadakin sunna ba wani abu ba fiye da haka ba.[15]
Daidai abin da sadakin sunna yake kamawa a yau
Adadin kuɗin sadakin sunna dirhami 500 ne kwatankwacin giram 1500 na Azurfa zalla, kuma a wannan zamani ana ganin ya yi kasa da kimarsa a zamanin Manzon Allah (S.A.W) ganin cewa darajar Dirhami 500 a zamanin Manzo (SAW) da tsarkakan Imamai (A.S) ya fi na zamanin da suka biyo baya. Wasu na ganin cewa sadakin sunna bai yi daidai da ƙayyadadden adadin kuɗi ba, kuma dole ne a ƙididdige shi bisa ka'idojin yau da kullun. Don haka suka nemi sanin darajarsa a farashin yau.[16]
Misali wasu malaman fikihu sun kasance suna darajar dirhami dari biyar a dinari ɗaya, kuma da yake a zamaninsu ko wane dirhami 10 ya yi daidai da dinari ɗaya ne, saboda haka sadakin sunna ya kai dinari hamsin, kwatankwacin misƙal hamsin na zinare zalla. Haka kuma, wasu sun ce a ƙididdige kudin da za a yi sadaki a duk sadakin sunna bisa karfin saye a zamanin Manzon Allah (S.A.W) Domin kuwa kamar yadda wasu riwayoyi suka ruwaito, Manzon Allah (S.A.W) ya yi umarni da cewa sadakin Sayyida Fatimata Zahra su sayi kayan gida da kayan masarufi, wannan kuma zai faru ne idan aka san farashin yau da kullum ne.[17]
Idan muka yi la'akari da darajar misƙali hamsin na zinari don tantance sadakin sunna da kuma kayan gida matsakaici da abubuwan da aka siya wa gidan Zahra da Amirul Muminin (A.S) sai mu karkare da cewa. sadakin sunna ba sadaki mai yawa ba ne.[18]
- A Duba: Kayan Ɗakin Sayyida Zahra (S)
Bayanin kula
- ↑ "Al-Saduq, Al-Muqni', 1415 AH, shafi na 302."
- ↑ "Shahid Thani, Al-Rawdah Al-Bahiyyah, 1410 AH, Juzu'i na 5, shafi na 344."
- ↑ Al-Majlisi, Bihar al-Anwar, 1403 AH, Juzu'i na 100, shafuka na 347-348.Al-Saduq, Al-Muqni', 1415 AH, shafi na 302.Shahid Thani, Al-Rawdah Al-Bahiyyah, 1410 AH, Juzu'i na 5, shafi na 344.
- ↑ "Al-Mas'udi, 'Pajuheshi darbaraye Mahre Sunnah (Mahre Muhammadi)', shafi na 113."
- ↑ "Al-Himyari, Qurb al-Isnad, 1413 AH, shafuka na 16-17."
- ↑ "Sheikh Al-Saduq, Man La Yahduruhu Al-Faqih, 1413 AH, Juzu'i na 3, shafi na 473."
- ↑ Al-Mas'udi, 'Pajuheshi darbaraye Mahre Sunnah (Mahre Muhammadi)', shafi na 113.
- ↑ "Ibn Shahr Ashub, Manaqib Al Abi Talib, 1379 AH, Juzu'i na 3, shafi na 351."
- ↑ "Ibn Shahr Ashub, Manaqib Al Abi Talib, 1379 AH, Juzu'i na 3, shafi na 351."
- ↑ "Al-Mufid, Al-Irshad, 1413 AH, Juzu'i na 2, shafi na 284."
- ↑ "Maruji Tabasi, Fatima: Olguye Hayte Ziba, 1380 SH, shafuka na 35-36."
- ↑ "Al-Najafi, Jawahir al-Kalam, 1404 AH, Juzu'i na 31, shafi na 13."
- ↑ Al-Hilli, Sharai' al-Islam, 1408 AH, Juzu'i na 2, shafi na 269.Al-Najafi, Jawahir al-Kalam, 1404 AH, Juzu'i na 31, shafi na 47.
- ↑ "Sayyid Al-Murtada, Al-Intisar, 1415 AH, shafi na 292."
- ↑ "Al-Najafi, Jawahir al-Kalam, 1404 AH, Juzu'i na 31, shafi na 15."
- ↑ "Al-Mas'udi, 'Pajuheshi dabaraye Mahre Sunna (Mahre Muhammadi)', shafi na 114."
- ↑ "Al-Mas'udi, 'Pajuheshi dabaraye Mahre Sunna (Mahre Muhammadi)', shafi na 114-115"
- ↑ "Al-Mas'udi, 'Pajuheshi dabaraye Mahre Sunna(Mahre Muhammadi)', shafi na 115-116."
Nassoshi
- Ibn Shahr Ashub Al-Mazandarani, Muhammad bin Ali, Manaqib Al Abi Talib عليهم السلام, Qom, Dar Al-Nashr: Allama, 1st ed., 1379 AH.
- Al-Himyari, Abdullah bin Ja'far, Qurb al-Isnad, edited and corrected by: Mu'assasat Al-Bayt, Qom, Mu'assasat Al-Bayt, 1st ed., 1413 AH.
- Sayyid Murtada, Ali bin Hussein, Al-Intisar fi Infiradat al-Imamiyya, edited and corrected by: Research Group of Daftar Intisharat Islami (Research and Studies Department), Qom, Daftar Intisharat Islami affiliated with the Society of Seminary Teachers of Qom (affiliated with the University of Teachers), Qom, 1st ed., 1415 AH.
- Shahid Thani, Zain al-Din bin Ali, Al-Rawdah Al-Bahiyyah fi Sharh al-Lum'ah al-Dimashqiyyah, edited by: Sayyid Muhammad Kalantar, Qom, Kitabfuroshi (Library) Dawari, 1st ed., 1410 AH.
- Sheikh Al-Saduq, Muhammad bin Ali, Al-Muqni', Qom, Mu'assasat Al-Imam Al-Hadi, 1st ed., 1415 AH.
- Sheikh Al-Saduq, Muhammad bin Ali, Man La Yahduruhu Al-Faqih, edited and corrected by: Ali Akbar Ghafari, Qom, Daftar Intisharat Islami affiliated with the Society of Seminary Teachers of Qom, 2nd ed., 1413 AH.
- Al-Majlisi, Muhammad Baqir, Bihar al-Anwar al-Jami' li Durar Akhbar al-A'imma al-Athar, Beirut, Dar Ihya al-Turath al-Arabi, 2nd ed., 1403 AH.
- Al-Muhaqqiq Al-Hilli, Ja'far bin Hassan, Sharai' al-Islam fi Masa'il al-Halal wal-Haram, edited and corrected by: Abdul Hussein Muhammad Ali Al-Baqal, Qom, Isma'iliyan, 2nd ed., 1408 AH.
- Maruji Tabasi, Muhammad Jawad, Fatima: A Model for a Beautiful Life, Qom, Bustan Kitab, 1st ed., 1380 SH.
- Al-Mas'udi, Abdul Hadi, "A Study on the Dowry of the Sunnah (Muhammadan Dowry)",
- Muhammadi Rey Shahri, Muhammad, Strengthening Family Ties from the Perspective of the Quran and Hadith, translated by: Hamid Reza Sheikhi, Qom, Organization for Printing and Publishing Dar al-Hadith, 2nd ed., 1389 SH.
- Al-Mufid, Muhammad bin Muhammad, Al-Irshad fi Ma'rifat Hujaj Allah ala al-Ibad, edited and corrected by: Mu'assasat Al-Bayt, Qom, Conference of Sheikh Al-Mufid, 1st ed., 1413 AH.
- Al-Najafi, Muhammad Hassan, Jawahir al-Kalam fi Sharh Sharai' al-Islam, Beirut, Dar Ihya al-Turath al-Arabi, 7th ed., 1404 AH.