Lahad

Daga wikishia
Hoton Lahad, wanda aka haƙa a gefen kabari.

Lahad (Larabci: اللحد) wani ɗan siririn dogon rami ne da ake tona shi a ƙarshen ƙabari a gefan Alƙibla, Musulmai suna sanya gawar mamaci a cikinsa tare da turbuɗe shi da ƙasa, hikimar rufe Lahad shi ne hana ƙasa kaiwa ga jikin gawar mamaci. Malaman fiƙihu na Musulami, suna ganin rufe Lahad matsayin Mustahabbi, Malaman fiƙihu na Shi’a sun yi umarni da toshe Lahad da taɓo a nane shi tsaf ya samu ƙarfafa, sannan kuma a karanta addu’a lokacin da ake ɓanɓare dutsen da ya rufe ƙofar lahad, a fatawar Malaman fiƙihu na shi’a idan ƙasa ta yi laushi ta yi rauni da sako-sako ba ta kame ba, abin da yafi dacewa maimakon saka gawar cikin lahad ayi amfani da siririn dogon ramin da yake cikin zurfin ƙabari wanda ake sanya gawa, a saka shi ciki sannan a lullufe shi a rufe.

Sanin Mafhumi

Tsari biyu “Lahad” da “Shaƙƙu” a cikin ƙabari Lahadi wani dogon rami ne da ake tona shi cikin gefan ramin ƙabari, kusa da ƙarshen ɓangaren alƙibla ana haƙa wani dogon rami gwargwadon inda za a kwantar da gawar mamaci. [1] Malam Dehkhoda cikin ta’arifin menene Lahad ya ce: tsagar rami ce da ke gefen ƙabari. Dogon rami a gefe guda na kabari don sanya matattu. [2] yunɓu, dutse ko wani abu kwatankwacinsu wanda da su ake rufe Lahad, ana kiransu da suna Dutsen Lahad. [3]

Tsari biyu "Lahad" da "Shaƙƙu" a cikin kabari.

Hukunce-hukuncen Fiƙihu

A cewar Malaman fiƙihu na Shi’a, mustahabbi ne haƙa ramin Lahad domin rufe mamaci, [4] idan ƙasa ta saki ta yi rauni to maimakon amfani da Lahad ya fi dacewa ayi amfani da Shaƙƙu (tsagar ramin da take ƙasan ƙabari) kowacce aka fi sani da ƴar ƙabari, a sanya gawar a cikinta sannan a rufe samanta. [5] bisa fiƙihun Shi’a, mustahabbi ne rufe Lahad da yunɓu, [6] hikimar yin hakan shi ne hana ƙasa kaiwa ga jikin mamaci, [7] Haka nan ya halatta a yi amfani da duwatsu, ɓamɓaro, itace ko duk wani abu da zai hana ƙasa kai ga gawa, [8] na’am Muhammad Hassan Najafi wanda ya rasu shekarar 1266 h ƙamari, marubucin littafin Jawahirul Al-Kalam, yana ganin ya fi dacewa ayi amfani da yunɓu cikin rufe Lahad da toshe shi, [9] bisa wata riwaya da ta zo cikin littafin Tahzib, Imam Ali (A.S) ya yi wasiyya ga Hassan da Husaini da su toshe Lahad ɗin ƙabarinsa da yunɓu, [10] bisa wata riwayar daban, Imam Ali (A.S) ya toshe Lahad ɗin ƙabarin Annabi (S.A.W) da yunɓu, [11] kishiyar wannan Magana shi ne fatawar Sayyid Muhammad Sa’id Hakim wanda ya rasu shekarar 1354 h ƙamari, daga Maraji’an Taƙlidi yana cewa abin da yake mustahabbi shi ne a toshe ƙabarin ya yi ƙarfi ya rufu gamgam ko da kuwa ba da yunɓu aka toshe shi ba. [12] Ba’arin Malaman fiƙihu na Ahlus-sunna suna ganin makruhi ne amfani da itace da dafaffen yunɓu cikin rufe ƙabari da toshe shi. [13]

Ladubba

  • Malaman fiƙihu na Shi’a [14] bisa dogara da wata riwaya [15] sun ce yana da kyau a karanta wannan addu’a lokacin da ake ɓanɓare dutsen da yake rufe da Lahad
*
اللَّهُمَّ صِلْ وَحْدَتَهُ، وَ آنِسْ وَحْشَتَهُ، وَ أَسْکِنْ إِلَیْهِ مِنْ رَحْمَتِکَ رَحْمَةً تُغْنِیهِ عَنْ رَحْمَةِ مَنْ سِوَاکَ


Ya Allah ka kuɓutar da shi daga kaɗaitarsa cikin ƙabari, ka kasance majiɓicinsa cikin tsoronsa, ka bashi nutsuwa daga rahamarka domin baya buƙatuwa da rahamar kowa sai taka.


( [16])


  • An naƙalto daga Kuɗub Rawandi Malamin hadisi na Shi’a a ƙarni na shida h ƙamari, cewa ana fara ɓanɓare Lahad daga ɓangaren kan mamaci, 17 a rayawar Muhammad Hassan Najafi marubucin Jawahirul Al-Kalam dalilin farawa daga kai ya kasance ne sakamakon muhimamancin da Kai yake da shi a cikin gaɓɓan jiki. [17]

Bayanin kula

  1. ↑ Shahid Sani, Hashiya Al-Mukhtasar al-Nafi, 1380, shafi na 21.
  2. ↑ Dehkhoda,luggatnameh, ƙarƙashin Lahad
  3. ↑ Imam Khumaini, Tahrir al-Wasila, 1392, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 94.
  4. ↑ Najafi, Jawahirul Al-Kalam, Farfado da Al'adun Larabci, Mujalladi na 4, shafi na 301.
  5. ↑ Shahid Thani, Hashiya Al-Mukhtasar al-Nafi, 1380, shafi na 21; Duba: Tabatabaei Yazdi, Al-Urwa Al-Wathgha, 2008, juzu'i na 5, shafi na 245.
  6. ↑ Mousavi Ameli, Madarik Al-Ahkam, 1411 AH, juzu'i na 2, shafi.141; Duba: Najafi, Jawaher Al-Kalam, Ihya'u Al-Turath Al-Arabi, juzu'i na 4, shafi na 308 da Imam Khumaini, Tahrir al-Wasila, 1392, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 94.
  7. ↑ Mousavi Ameli, Madarik Al-Ahkam, 1411 AH, juzu'i na 2, shafi.141; Duba: Najafi, Jawaher Al-Kalam, Ihya'u Al-Turath Al-Arabi, juzu'i na 4, shafi na 308 da Imam Khumaini, Tahrir al-Wasila, 1392, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 94.
  8. ↑ Allameh Hali, Mantehi Al-Matlab, 1412 AH, juzu'i na 7, shafi na 389; Duba: Ibn Zahra, Ghaniya al-Nuzu, 1417 AH, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 106.
  9. ↑ Najafi, Jawaher Al-Kalam, Dar Ihya al-Trath al-Arabi, juzu'i na 4, shafi na 309.
  10. ↑ Sheikh Tusi, Tahzeeb al-Ahkam, 1407 AH, juzu'i na 6, shafi na 107.
  11. ↑ Muhaddith Nouri, Mustadrak Al-Wasa'il, 1408H, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 331.
  12. ↑ Hakim Tabatabai, Misbah Al-Minhaj, 1417 AH, juzu'i na 7, shafi na 395.
  13. ↑ Ibn Abedin, Raddu Al-Muhthar Ala Al-Durri Al-Mukhtar, 1412 AH, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 236; Duba: Ibn ƙudama, al-Muƙni fi fiƙhu Al-Imam Ahmad bin Hanbal, 1421H, shafi na 80.
  14. ↑ Sheikh Tusi, Amali, 1414 AH, shafi na 427; Mohagheƙ Karki, Jame Al-Maƙasid, 1414 AH, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 441.
  15. ↑ Kulaini, Al-Kafi, 1429 AH, juzu'i na 5, shafi na 500; Sheikh Tusi, Tahzeeb al-Ahkam, 1407H, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 458.
  16. ↑ Sheikh Tusi, Al-Mabusut, 1387 AH, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 186; Mousavi Ameli, Madarik Al-Ahkam, 1411 AH, juzu'i na 2, shafi.141; Ibn Baraj, Al-Muhazzab, 1406H, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 63.Fazel Handi, Kashf al-Latham, 1416 AH, juzu'i na 2, shafi.391.
  17. ↑ Najafi, Jawaher Al-Kalam, Dar Ihya al-Trath al-Arabi, juzu'i na 4, shafi na 309.

Nassoshi

  • Ibn Zahra, Hamzah bin Ali, Ghaniyyah Al-Nuzu ila Ilmi Al-Usul wa Al-Furoo, ƙum, Imam al-Sadiƙ (a.s.), 1417H.
  • Ibn Baraj, Abd al-Aziz bin Nahrir, al-Muhazzab, gabatarwar Jafar Sobhani, ƙum, ofishin wallafe-wallafen Musulunci da ke hade da Kum Seminary Madrasin Society, 1406 AH.
  • Ibn Abedin, Muhammad Amin Ibn Abdul Aziz, Raddu Al-Muhthar Ala Al-Durri Al-Mukhtar, Beirut, Darul Fikr, 1412H.
  • Ibn ƙudama, Muhammad Abdullah bin Ahmad, al-Muƙnaƙ Fiƙh na Imam Ahmad bin Hanbal Al-Shibani, Mahmoud al-Arnauut da Yasin Mahmud al-Khatib suka yi bincike a Jeddah, Makarantar Al-Sawadi, 1421H.
  • Imam Khumaini, Sayyid Ruhollah, Tahrir Al-Wasila, Tehran, Cibiyar Gyara da Buga Ayyukan Imam Al-Khomeini, 1392.
  • Tabatabaei Yazdi, Seyyed Mohammad Kazem bin Abdulazim, Al-Uruwa Al-Wathgha wa Al-Taliƙat Alaihi, Lambobin Mu’assasa Al-Sabatin, ƙum, Mu’assasar Al-Sabatin, 1388.
  • Shahid Thani, Zain al-Din bin Ali, Al-Mukhtasar al-Nafi', margin, Research Center for Islamic Research and Studies, ƙum, Al-Nashar Al-Tabai Center for School of Islamic Knowledge, 1380/1422 AH.
  • Sheikh Tusi, Muhammad bin Hassan, al-Mabsut fi fiƙhu Al-Imamiyyah, bincike na Mohammad Baƙer Behbodhi da Mohammad Taghi Kashfi, Tehran, Al-Mortazawieh School, 1387 AH.
  • Sheikh Tusi, Muhammad bin Hassan, Al-Amali, bincike da gyara na Mu’assasa Al-Baath, ƙum, Darul Taƙfa, 1414H.
  • Sheikh Tusi, Muhammad bin Hassan, Tahzeeb Al-Ahkam, bincike da gyara na Hasan al-Mousavi Khorsan, Tehran, Dar al-Kitab al-Islamiyya, 1407H.
  • Sheikh Mofid, Muhammad bin Muhammad, Al-Irshad fi Marafah Hajjullah Ali Al-Abad, bincike da kuma gyara Mu’assasa Al-Bait (a.s.) ƙum, Sheikh Mofid Congress, 1413H.
  • Najafi, Mohammad Hassan bin Baƙir, Jawahirul Al-Kalam, bincike na Reza Ostadi da sauransu, editan Ibrahim Mianji, Beirut, Dar Ihya al-Tarath al-Arabi, Bita.
  • Tabatabai Hakim, Mohammad Saeed, Misbah Al-Minhaj (Al-Tahara), bija, bina, 1417 AH.
  • Alameh Hilli, Hassan bin Youssef, Mantahi al-Muttalib fi research al-Mahhab, gabatarwar Mahmoud Bustani da Safa al-Din Basri, binciken Majmall al-Pakhu al-Islamiyyah ƙasm al-Fiƙh, Mashhad, Astana al-Razwiyyah al- Maƙdassa, Majmall al-Pakhuh al-Islamiyya, 1412H.
  • Fazel Handi, Muhammad Bin Hassan, Kashf Al-Latham kan Dokokin Al-Ahkam, bincike na ofishin wallafe-wallafen Musulunci da ke da alaƙa da ƙungiyar malamai ta ƙum Seminary Society of Teachers, Al-Nashar al-Islami Est.
  • Kulaini, Muhammad bin Yaƙub, Al-Kafi, bitar Darul-Hadith, Kum, Darul-Hadith, 1429H.
  • Muhaddith Nouri, Hossein bin Muhammad Taƙi, Mustadrak al-Wasail da Mustanbat al-Masal, Bincike na Mu'assasar Al-Bait (A.S.), Beirut, Al-Al-Bait (A.S.) Mu'assasar Lahiya Al-Tarath, 1408H.
  • Mai bincike Karki, Ali bin Hussain, Jame al-Maƙased fi Sharh Al-ƙasas, bincike na Al-Al-Bait (A.S.) Lahia al-Trath Foundation, ƙum, Al-Al-Bait (A.S.) Lahia al-Trath Foundation, 1414 AH.
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