Jump to content

Daƙiƙa:Aiko Da Annabi (S.A.W)

Ƙara hanyoyin mahaɗar
Daga wikishia

Aiko Annabi (S.A.W) (Larabci: البعثة) magana ce game da zaɓar Sayyidina Muhammad (S.A.W) da Allah ya yi a matsayin Annabi domin kira zuwa ga addinin Muslunci, sa'ad da ya kai shekara arba'in a yayin da yake a kogon Hira sai aka aiko shi da manzanci, ana ɗaukar aiko annabi matsayin farkon Musulunci kuma sharar fage cikin kawo ƙarshen bautar gumaka a yankin Hijaz, ayoyi na farko da suka fara sauka ga Annabi, sun kasance ayoyin farko na suratul alaƙ, bayan na sai ayoyin farkon suratul mudassir wanda cikinsu aka umarci Annabi ya tashi ya fara kira zuwa ga Musulunci.

A mahangar Shi'a 27 Rajab ne ya kasance lokacin da aka aka bawa Annabi annabta. Da wannan dalili ne a cikin al'adun Shi'a wannan rana ta shahara da sunan ranar Idul Mab'as (Idin ranar aiko annabi) ana shirya bukukuwa a wannan rana .

Gabatarwa Da Kuma Muhimmanci

Aiko Annabi (S.A.W) yana nufin bawa Sayyidina Muhammad (S.A.W) annabta da kuma aiko shi da Allah ya yi zuwa ga mutane domin kira ga Musulunci.[1] Aiko Annabin Musulunci (S.A.W) yana cikin mafi girman ni'imomin Allah ga muminai, wanda a cewar malaman tafsiri, a cikin ayoyin Kur'ani, daga jumla aya ta 164 suratul alu imran an yi magana game da.[2] Cikin wani ɓangare daga wannan ayar ya zo cewa : "Lalle ne, Allah ya yi wa muminai wani babban alheri, domin ya tayar musu da Manzo daga cikinsu, yana karanta musu ayoyinsa, yana tsarkake su, kuma yana koya musu Littafi da hikima." Wani sashe daban daga ayoyin Kur'ani da suka yi magana kan aiko da Annabi sune kamar haka: Aya ta 19 suratul ma'ida, aya ta 28 suratul fatahi, da aya ta 2 suratul jumu'a.[3]

Yankin Larabawa A Lokacin Aiko Da Annabi

Jafar Subhani ya rubuta cewa, a lokacin aiko da Annabi, al'adar da ta yaɗu cikin mutanen yankin Hijaz shi ne bautar gumaka, kaɗai akwai kaɗan daga Yahudawa a Madina da Nasara a Najran a wancan zamani da suka saɓawa wannan al'ada.[4] Na'am akwai wasu ƴan tsirarun mutane a tsakankaninsu da suka wanzu kan tauhidi waɗanda ake kira da suna "Hanifan"[5] Annabi shima ya kasance cikin waɗannan mutane masu tauhidi.[6] Makarim Shirazi a cikin sharhin huɗuba ta 89 Nahjul Balaga, ya bayyana cewa an aiko da Annabi bayan annabin da ya gabace shi da shekaru 500 ko 600.[7] Malamin tare da dogara da wannan huɗuba, ya siffanta hali da yanayin rayuwa na wancan zamani kamar haka: Al'umma sun tsinci kansu cikin rayuwar ruɗani da rikice-rikice, yawan yaƙe-yaƙe marasa amfani, rayuwa cikin matsanancin talauci, rashin tsaro da zaman lafiya tare da miyagun al'adu kamar kashe ƴaƴa kuma cin haramun ya yaɗu ya zama ruwan dare gama gari.[8]

Farkon Manzanci

A cewar Pishawayi, masanin tarihi, kafin zaɓar Annabi (S.A.W) da manzanci, sirrikan gaibu sun kasance suna bayyana gare shi, saƙonni gaibu suna zuwa kunnuwansa.[9] Muhammad Husaini Rajabi, masanin tarihi, tare da jingina da wata riwaya daga Imam Hadi (A.S) an ce Annabi (S.A.W) tun kafi aiko shi da annabta ya kasance yana zuwa kogon hira, tare da shaida alamomin iko da ƙudura da rahamar Allah a sararin samaniya, ya kasance yana nutsawa cikin tekun tunani girmamar Allah tare da shagaltuwa da ibada.[10] Malaman tarihi sun rubuta cewa lokacin da Annabi (S.A.W) ya kasance a kogon Hira Jibrilu ya sauka gare shi ya kawo masa ayoyin farkon suratul alaƙ a matsayin farkon annabtarsa[11] da wannan ne, aka zaɓe shi aka aiko da annabta.[12] Bayan nan, tare da saukar ayoyin farkon suratul mudassir, ya fara kira zuwa ga Musulunci daga mutanen gidansa, farkon mutanen da suka fara amsa kiransa zuwa ga Musulunci sun kasance Khadija, Imam Ali (A.S) da Zaidu Bin Harisa.[13]

Farkon Tattaunawar Annabi Tare da Mala'ikan Wahayi

Wasu marubuta tarihi sun bayar da rahoto tattaunawar da Annabi ya yi tare da mala'ika Jibrilu daga bakin shi Annabin. Muhammad Ibrahim Ayati, Ibn Is'haƙ, malamin tarihi a ƙarni na farko da na biyu hijira ƙamari, sun rawaito kamar haka:

Lokacin da manzon Allah yake cikin kogon Hira’, sai Mala’ika Jibrilu ya zo masa da takarda kuma ya ce masa "Karanta". Annabi (SAW) ya ce "Ban iya karatu ba". Sai Mala’ikan ya matse shi har ya kai ga yana jin cewa mutuwa zai yi, sannan ya sake shi ya ce "Karanta". Annabi ya sake cewa "Ban iya karatu ba". A karo na uku Mala’ikan ya matsa shi sosai sannan ya sake shi ya ce: "Karanta cikin sunan Ubangijinka wanda ya halitta" Daga nan ne aka fara saukar ayoyin Alkur’ani na farko. Wannan lamari ne mai girma da muhimmanci a tarihin Musulunci:

«اقْرَأْ بِاسْمِ رَبِّكَ الَّذِي خَلَقَ. خَلَقَ الْإِنْسَانَ مِنْ عَلَقٍ. اقْرَأْ وَرَبُّكَ الْأَكْرَمُ. الَّذِي عَلَّمَ بِالْقَلَمِ. عَلَّمَ الْإِنْسَانَ مَا لَمْ يَعْلَمْ


Karanta da sunan Ubangijinka wanda ya halitta. Ya halitta mutum daga gudan jini (Alaq). Karanta! Kuma Ubangijinka shi ne mafi karimci. Shi ne wanda ya koyar ta hanyar alƙalami. Ya koya wa mutum abin da bai sani ba.[14] (Surah Al-Alaq, ayoyi 1-5)

Sai na karanta shi. Sa'an nan ya sake ni, ya tafi daga guna, na kuma farka daga barci, ina ji kamar an rubuta waɗannan ayoyi a cikin zuciyata da kyau. Sai na fita, lokacin da na isa tsakiyar dutsen, na ji wata murya daga sama tana cewa: Ya Muhammadu, kai Annabin Allah ne, kuma ni Jibrilu ne.[15]


Shekara Da Ranar Da Aka Aiko Da Annabi (S.A.W)

Wurin da aka aiko Annabi Muhammadu (S.A.W.) da annabci shi ne kogon Hira saman dutsen Nur da yake birnin Makka

Bisa rahoton Sayyid Jafar Murtada Amili, ƙwararre a fannin tarihin Musulunci da Shi'anci, ya bayyana cewa haƙiƙa ra'ayin mafi yawan malaman tarihi shi ne cewa an zaɓi Sayyidina Muhammad (S.A.W) da annabta sa'ad da ya kai shekaru arba'in.[16] Daga cikin masu wannan ra'ayi akwai Yaƙubi (Rasuwa: ƙarni na uku hijira) yana cewa an aiko shi matsayin Annabi bayan ya cika shekara 40[17] Tare da haka, an ambaci wasu lokutan daban. Misali, a cikin littafin Siratul Ibn Is'haƙ (Rayuwa: a ƙarni na 1 da 2) daɗi kan shekaru arba'in akwai wasu maganganun da ya kawo yana cewa an aiko shi Annabi ne yana ɗan shekara 33 da haihuwa.[18] Bisa waata mahangar daban kuma an ambaci cewa an zaɓe shi Annabi yana ɗan shekara 45.[19]

Mahangar da tafi shahara tsakankanin ƴanshi'a game da lokacin da aka aiko da Annabi, shi ne 27 Rajab[20] amma mahangar da tafi shahara a wurin Ahlus-Sunna shi ne cewa an aiko shi ne a watan Ramadan.[21] Bisa abin da ya zo a tarihin Ɗabari Ahlus-Sunna, shi ne cewa akwai saɓani game da wace rana, wane wata ne aka aiko da Annabi[22] Yaƙubi da Mas'udi (Malamin tarihi na ƙarni na huɗu) sun saɓa da duka maganganu biyu da suka gabata suna da ra'ayin cewa an aiko shi ne a watan Rabi'ul Awwal.[23]

Matsayin Aiko Da Annabi A Cikin Al'adun Shi'anci

Babban labari: Idul Mab'as

A cikin al'adun Shi'a, 27 Rajab tana matsayin ranar Idin Mab'as (Aiko da Annabi) kuma cikin wannan rana ana shirya bukukuwa. a ƙasar Iran[24] da wasu yankuna na ƙasar Iraƙ ana ba da hutu a wannan rana.[25]

Bayanin kula

  1. ↑ Ha'iri, "Bi'tsa," shafi na 275.
  2. ↑ Tabarasi, Majma'ul Bayan, 1372 A.H., juzu'i na 2, shafi na 875; Makarim Shirazi, Tafsiri Namuna, 1371 A.H., juzu'i na 3, shafi na 157-158; Fadlullah, Min Wahyil Quran, 1439 A.H., juzu'i na 3, shafi na 461.
  3. ↑ «برخى آيات مربوط به رسالت و بعثت پيامبر(ص)»، Shafin yanar giza gizo na fannin zurfafa bincike kan Kur'ani mai girma.
  4. ↑ Subhani, Furughi Abadiyyat, 2006 A.D., shafi na 63.
  5. ↑ Subhani, Furughi Abadiyyat, 2006 A.D., shafi na 64.
  6. ↑ Subhani, Furughi Abadiyyat, 2006 A.D., shafi na 205.
  7. ↑ Makarim Shirazi, Payami Imam Amirul Mumineen (A.S.), 2007 A.D., juzu'i na 3, shafi na 618.
  8. ↑ Makarim Shirazi, Payami Imam Amirul Mumineen (A.S.), 2007 A.D., juzu'i na 3, shafi na 618-624.
  9. ↑ Pishawayi, Tarikhi Islam az Jahiliyyat ta Rahlati Payambari Islam (S.A.W.), 2003 A.D., shafi na 127 da 128.
  10. ↑ Rajabi, Tarikhi Asri Bi'sat, 2005 A.D., shafi na 68.
  11. ↑ Subhani, Furughi Abadiyyat, 2006 A.D., shafi na 215.
  12. ↑ Ayiti, Tarikhi Payambari Islam, 1990 A.D., shafi na 85-86.
  13. ↑ Ayiti, Tarikhi Payambari Islam, 1990 A.D., shafi na 89.
  14. ↑ Suratul Alaƙ, aya ta 1-5
  15. ↑ Ayiti, Tarikh Payambar Islam, 1990 A.D., shafi na 85-86.
  16. ↑ Al-Amili, Al-Sahih min Sirat al-Nabi al-A'zam, 1426 A.H., juzu'i na 2, shafi na 289.
  17. ↑ Ya'qubi, Tarikh al-Ya'qubi, Dar Sadir, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 22.
  18. ↑ Ibn Ishaq, Sirat Ibn Ishaq, 1398 A.H./1978 A.D., juzu'i na 1, shafi na 134.
  19. ↑ Al-Amili, Al-Sahih min Sirat al-Nabi al-A'zam, 1426 A.H., juzu'i na 2, shafi na 289.
  20. ↑ Ayiti, Tarikh Payambari Islam, 1990 A.D., shafi na 83; Al-Amili, Al-Sahih min Sirat al-Nabi al-A'zam, 1426 A.H., juzu'i na 2, shafi na 290.
  21. ↑ Ayiti, Tarikh Payambari Islam, 1990 A.D., shafi na 84.
  22. ↑ Tabari, Tarikh al-Tabari, 1879 A.D., juzu'i na 2, shafi na 44.
  23. ↑ Ayiti, Tarikh Payambari Islam, 1990 A.D., shafi na 83; Ya'qubi, Tarikh al-Ya'qubi, Dar Sadir, juzu'i na 2, shafi na 22.
  24. ↑ «لایحه قانونی تعیین تعطیلات رسمی کشور»، an shigar da shi shafin yanar gizon Cibiyar Bincike ta Majalisar Dokoki..
  25. ↑ النجف تعطّل الدوام الیوم بمناسبة المبعث النبوی، An shigar da shi a shafin yanar gizo na Baghdad Al-Youm

Nassoshi

  • «Daftarin doka ta ƙayyade ranakun hutun ƙasa»،Cibiyar Bincike ta Majalisar Shawarar Musulunci ta Jamhuriyar Musulunci ta Iran, an amince da ita ranar 29 ga Yuni, 1980; ranar da aka duba: 13 ga Afrilu, 2025.
  • Al-Amili, Sayyid Ja'afar Murtada, Al-Sahih min Sirat al-Nabi al-A'zam, Qom, Darul Hadith, 1426 A.H.
  • Ansari, Muhammad Reza, "Rajab," a cikin Encyclopaedia of Tashayyu' (juzu'i na 8), Qom, Saeed Mohebbi, 2000 A.D.
  • Ayati, Muhammad Ibrahim, Tarihin Annabin Musulunci, Tehran, Jami'ar Tehran, 1990 A.D.
  • Fadlullah, Muhammad Husayn, Tafsiri Min Wahyil Quran, Beirut, Dar al-Milak lil Taba'ati wa al-Nashri wa al-Tawzi'i, Bugu na Uku, 1439 A.H.
  • Ha'iri, Seyyed Mahdi, "Bi'tsa," a cikin Encyclopaedia of Tashayyu' (juzu'i na 3), Qom, Saeed Mohebbi, 2001 A.D.
  • Ibn Ishaq, Muhammad bin Ishaq, Sirat Ibn Ishaq, Beirut, 1398 A.H./1978 A.D.
  • Makarim Shirazi, Nasir, Payami Imam Amirul Mumineen (A.S.), Tehran, Darul Kutubil Islamiyyah, Bugu na Farko, 2007 A.D.
  • Makarim Shirazi, Nasir, Tafsiri Namuna, Tehran, Darul Kutubil Islamiyyah, Bugu na Goma, 1992 A.D.
  • Pishawayi, Mahdi, Tarihin Musulunci daga Jahiliyya zuwa Rasuwar Annabi Musulunci (S.A.W.), Qom, Cibiyar Wakiltar Jagoran Juyin Musulunci a Jami'o'i. Ofishin Buga Ma'arif, 2003 A.D.
  • Qumi, Abbas, Mafatihul Jinani, Fassarar Husayn Ansariyan, Qom, Darul Irfan, 2009 A.D.
  • Rajabi, Muhammad Husayn, Tarihin Zamanin Bi'tsa, Qom, Cibiyar Ilimi ta Lantarki ta Jami'ar Al-Qur'ani da Hadisi, 2005 A.D.
  • Subhani, Ja'afar, Furughi Abadiyyat; Cikakken Bincike da Nazari akan Rayuwar Annabi Mai Girma (S.A.W.), Qom, Bustani Kitab, Bugu na Ashirin da Daya, 2006 A.D.
  • Tabarasi, Fadl bin Hasan, Majma'ul Bayan fi Tafsiril Quran, Tehran, Nasir Khusru, Bugu na Uku, 1993 A.D.
  • Tabari, Muhammad bin Jarir, Tarikh al-Tabari, Beirut, 1879 A.D.
  • Ya'qubi, Ahmad bin Abi Ya'qub, Tarikh al-Ya'qubi, Beirut, Dar Sadir, Babu Kwanan Wata.
  • «النجف تعطّل الدوام الرسمي غدًا الخميس»،An buga a shafin yanar gizon Baghdad Al-Youm, ranar wallafa labari: 7 ga Fabrairu, 2024; ranar da aka duba (ziyara): 14 ga Afrilu, 2025.
  • «ayoyin da suka shafi risala da aikawar (ba‘athar) Annabii»، Shafin ƙwararru na Alƙur’ani Mai Tsarki, ranar da aka duba: 13 ga Afrilu, 2025.
Daga "https://ha.wikishia.net/w/index.php?title=Daƙiƙa:Aiko_Da_Annabi_(S.A.W)&oldid=22616"