Ayar Salihul Muminin

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Haramin Imam Ali (A.S)

Ayar salihul muminin (Larabci: آية صالح المؤمنين) aya ta huɗu ce a cikin suratul tahrim, ita wannan ayar ta shahara da ayar mumini na gari a matsayin wani mutu na masamma wanda yake taimakawa annabi (S.A.W). ta yadda aka gwama taimakon da yakewa annabi da taimakon Allah da na Jibrilu da sauran Mala'iku.

Wasu daga cikin masu tafsiri sun tafi kan cewa shi salihul muminin wani mutum ne guda ɗaya kawai, a dai lokacin da wasu suna ganin cewa ayar ta ƙunshi duk wani musulmi na gari wanda ya siffantu da tsoran Allah, amma malaman tafsiri na shi'a sun tafi kan cewa ma'anar wannan aya shi ne imamu Ali shi ne mumin nagari kuma shi kaɗai take nufi ba wani ba,sai a marhala tabiyu suke ganin shi ne mafificen abin da ayar take nufi,sai dai cewa su malamn tafsiri na Ahlussuna suna suna ganin cewa ita wannan aya tana nufin Ali da Abubakar da Umar.

Nassin Aya

إِنْ تَتُوبَا إِلَى اللهِ فَقَدْ صَغَتْ قُلُوبُكُمَا ۖ وَإِنْ تَظَاهَرَا عَلَيْهِ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ هُوَ مَوْلاَهُ وَجِبْرِيلُ وَصَالِحُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ۖ وَالْمَلاَئِكَةُ بَعْدَ ذٰلِكَ ظَهِيرٌ
idan ku biyu kuka tuba zuwa ga Allah, [Aisha da Habsa]tofa zuciyarku ta rigaya ta karkata kan ɓata da abin da bai kamata ba, idan kuma kuka taimaki junanku kan cutar da annabi, to ku sani Allah ne Majiɓicinshi da Mala'ika Jibril da kuma muminai na gari da kuma dukkan sauran Mala'iku za su kasance masu taimakon shi.


(Quran: Suratul Tahrim: 4)


Sabo da haka wannan ayar ake kiranta da Ayar Salihul muminin.[1]

Isɗilahi Da Ma'ana

Wasu daga cikin malaman tafsiri sun tafi kan cewa ita kalmar salihul muminin suna ne na gama-gari.[2] wanda ya ƙunshi duk wani mumini na gari wanda ya siffantu da tsoran Allah da cikakken imani.[3] amma akwai waɗanda ba su yarda da cewa salihul muminin suna ne na gamagari ba, a a suna ganin suna ne na mutum ɗaya kawai.[4] Allama ɗabaɗaba'i a cikn tafsirul Al-Mizan yana cewa ma'anar salihul muminin tasha banban da ma'anar Jimlar mutum ɗaya nagari daga cikin muminai, a jumla ta biyu akwai kalmar "ال" wadda ita suna ne na gama gari wanda ya ƙunshi duk wani mumini, amma a jumalar farko "صالح المؤمنين" baya nufin dukkan muminai.[5]

Sha'anin Nuzul

Ya zo akan abin da ya sa wannan aya ta sauka cewa Annabi (S.A.W) ya fuskanci matsalar cutarwa daga wasu daga cikin matan shi,[6] bisa abin da yazo a ruwayoyi wata rana annabi yaje gurin ɗaya daga cikin matan shi. sai ya sha zuma a gunta, sai ya daɗe a gunta, sai A'isha ta shirya cewa su nisance shi,s abo da wai ya sha zuma kuma a bakin shi akwai warin zuma marar daɗe, bayan haka sai annabi ya haramtawa kan shi zuma, kuma ya zo a cikin wasu rowayoyi cewa annabi ya ƙauracewa wasu daga cikin matanshi, kai harma ya ɗauki matakin ya sake su. sai wannan ayoyi na cikin suratut Taharim suka sauka suna masu hana annabi abin da ya haramtawa kan shi.[7]

Sai ayar ta nemi matan annabi guda biyun nan su tuba, ta kuma gargaɗe su kan cigaba da cutar da shi, kuma su sani cewa Allah shi ne majiɓoncin al'amarin shi akan duk wani haɗari da zai mishi barazana, kuma Allah da mala'ika Jibrilu da salihul muminin da Mala'iku suna taimakon Annabi (S.A.W)[8]

Wane ne Salihul Muminin

Akwai sabani kan ma'anar salihul muminin tsakanin malamann tafsiri na shi'a da ahlus-sunna: *Imam Ali(A.S): Allama ɗabaɗaba'i ya ce Imamu Ali (A.S) shi ne kaɗai abin da ake nufi da Salihul Muminin bisa dogaro da wasu ruwayoyi da aka rawaito a cikin litatafan [8] da ahlus-sunna,[9] waɗanda suka bayyana cewa Imam Ali (A.S) shi kaɗai ne wanda ayar take nufi,[10] kuma dole salihul muminin ya zamo Ma'asumi, sabo da ayar ta anbaci sunan shi tare da sunan mala'ika Jiburil da kuma sauran mala'aiku.[11]

*Musulmai masu tsoran Allah: Akwai wasu daga cikun malaman tafsiri na shi'a da ahlus-sunna da suka tafi kan cewa salihul muminin ya ƙunshi duk wani mumini mai tsoran Allah, wanda yake da cikakken imani.[12] amma Makarim Shirazi ya ce ma'anar salihul muminin shi ne kawai Imamu Ali kuma shi ne wanda ya fi dacewa.[13] shi kuma malamin tafsiri na ahlus-sunna Alusi ya ce Imamu Ali da abubakar da Umar suna daga cikin ma'anar ayar, amma ma'anar ayar bata taƙaita da su ba.[14] sannan shi Alusi ya hakaito daga ɗan Asakir cewa Abubakar da Umar su ake nufi da salihul muminin [15]idan suka hana `ya `yansu guda biyu wato Hafsa da A'isha cutar da manzon Allah (S.A.W) a lokacin da suka kasance matansa.[16]

Bayanin kula

  1. ↑ Allamah Al-Hilli, Nahj Al-Haqq, 1407H, shafi na 191.
  2. ↑ Al-Tabarsi, Majma’ al-Bayan, 1372 A.H., juzu’i na 10, shafi na 471; Al-Alusi, Ruh al-Ma’ani, 1415 AH, juzu’i na 14, shafi 348; Makarem Al-Shirazi, Tafsir Al-Amsal, juzu'i na 18, shafi na 446.
  3. ↑ Makarem Al-Shirazi, Tafsir Al-Amsal, juzu'i na 18, shafi na 446.
  4. ↑ Al-Tabatabai, Al-Mizan, 1390 AH, juzu'i na 19, shafi na 332.
  5. ↑ Al-Tabatabai, Al-Mizan, 1390 AH, juzu'i na 19, shafi na 332.
  6. ↑ Al-Wahidi, Asbabul Nuzul Alkur'an, 1411H, shafi na 459-461.
  7. ↑ Al-Wahidi, Asbabul Nuzul Alkur'an, 1411H, shafi na 459-461.
  8. ↑ Al-Sadooq, Al-Amali, 1376, shafi na 31; Al-Havizi, Tafsir Noor al-Saghalin, 1415 AH, juzu'i na 5, shafi na 370.
  9. ↑ Al-Haskani, Shawaheed al-Tanzil, 1411 AH, juzu'i na 2, 341-352; Abu Hayyan al-Andalsi, Al-Bahr al-Muhit, 1420 AH, juzu'i na 5, shafi na 332; Al-Syuti, Aldurrul Al-Manthor, 1404 AH, juzu'i na 6, shafi na 244.
  10. ↑ Tabatabai, Al-Mizan, 1390 AH, juzu'i na 19, shafi na 332.
  11. ↑ Ibn Tawoos, Saad al-Saoud, Qum, shafi na 181; Al-Sadeghi al-Tahrani, Al-Furqan, 1406H, juzu'i na 28, shafi 438. ↑
  12. ↑ Al-Tabari, Jame al-Bayan, 1412 AH, juzu'i na 28, shafi 105; Al-Alousi, Ruh al-Ma'ani, 1415 AH, juzu'i na 14, shafi 349; Makarem Al-Shirazi, Tafsir Al-amsal, juzu'i na 18, shafi na 446.
  13. ↑ Makarem Al-Shirazi, Tafsir Al-amsal, juzu'i na 18, shafi na 446.
  14. ↑ Al-Alousi, Ruh al-Ma'ani, 1415H, juzu'i na 14, shafi na 349.
  15. ↑ Al-Alousi, Ruh al-Ma'ani, 1415 AH, juzu'i na 14, shafi na 348-349.
  16. ↑ Al-Tastri, Ihqaq al-Haq, 1409 AH, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 314.

Nassoshi

  • Abu Hayyan Al-Andalusi, Muhammad bin Yusuf, Al-Bahr Al-Muhit fi Al-Tafsir, bugun: Sidqi Muhammad Jamil, Beirut, Darul Fikr, 1420H.
  • Al-Alusi, Mahmoud bin Abdullah, Ruhul Ma'ani fi Tafsir Alqur'ani Al-azeem wa Al-saba Al-Mathani, Beirut, Dar Al-Kutub Al-Ilmiyyah, 1415H.
  • Al-Hasakani, Ubaidullah bn Ahmad, Shawaheed Al-tanzil la qawa'id At-tafdil, editan: Muhammad Baqir Mahmoudi, Tehran, Ma'aikatar Shiriya, 1411 Hijira.
  • Al-Huwaizi, Abdul-Ali, Tafsir Nour al-Thaqalayn, edita: Hashim Rasouli al-Mahallati, Kum, Ismailian, 1415 AH.
  • Al-Qurashi, Ali Akbar, Qamus Qur'an. Tehran, Dar Al-Kutub Al-Islamiyyah, 1412H.
  • Al-Sadiqi Al-Tehrani, Muhammad, Al-Furqan fi Tafsir Al-Qur’an, Qum, Mu’assasa Al’adun Musulunci, 1406H.
  • Al-Sayyid Bin Tawoos, Ali Bin Musa, Saad Al-Saud lilnufus, Qum, Muhammad Kazem Al-Kutbi.
  • Al-Suyuti, Jalaluddin, Al-Durr Al-Manthur, Qum, Maktabah Al-Sayyid Al-Mar’ashi Al-Najafi, 1404H.
  • Al-Tabari, Muhammad bin Jarir, Jami’ al-Bayan fi Tafsirin Al-Qur’an, Beirut, Darul Ma’rifa, 1412H.
  • Al-Tabarsi, Fadl bin Al-Hassan, Majma Al-Bayan , Tehran, Nasir Khusraw, 1372H.
  • Al-Tabatabai, Sayyid Muhammad Hussein, Al-Mizan fi Tafsir Al-Qur’an, Beirut, Dar Ihya Al-Tarat Al-Arabi, 1390H.
  • Al-Tastari, Qadi Nour Allah, Ihqaqul haqqi, Qum, Maktabah Al-Sayyid Al-Mar’ashi Al-Najafi, 1409H.
  • Al-Wahidi, Ali bin Ahmed,Asbabul Nuzul Alqur’ani, wanda: Kamal Bassiouni Zaghloul, Beirut, Dar Al-Kutub Al-Ilmiyyah, ya buga, 1411H.
  • Allamah Al-Hilli, Al-Hasan bn Yusuf, Nahajul Al-Haqqi wa kashfil Al-sidqi, bugun: Ayn Allah Al-Hasani Al-Armawi, Qum, Darul Hijrah, 1407H.
  • Makarem Al-Shirazi, Nasser, Al-Amsal fi Tafsir Kitabullahi Al-munazzal, Qum, Madraseh Imam Ali bin Abi Talib (a.s), 1379H.
  • خداپرست، اعظم و دژآباد، حامد، «بررسي تطبيقي ديدگاه مفسران فريقين درباره مصداق صالح‌المؤمنين» در مجله مطالعات تفسيري، شماره 22، 1394 ش.

Darbaraye, Misdaq Salihuluh muminin. a cikin mujallar Tafsiri, Shamarah 22, 1394H.

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