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Ƙetarar Da Bani Isra'ila Daga Teku

Daga wikishia

Ƙetarar Bani Isra'ila daga cikin teku, (Larabci: اجتياز بني إسرائيل البحر) wata mu'ujiza ce domin tseratar da Bani Isra'ila wace ta faru ta hanyar tsaga teku gida biyu da ƙetarar da su ta cikin ruwa kuma Allah ya tseratar da su daga nutsewa cikin teku da kuma nutsar da Fir'auna da sojojinsa cikin wannan teku. Musa (A.S) bisa umarnin ubangijinsa ya fitar da Bani Isra'ila daga Misra a cikin dare. Da Fir'auna ya samu labari sai ya tattara sojojinsa ya bi bayan Annabi Musa da Bani Isra'ila. Yayin da sojojin Fir'auna suka cimma Bani Isra'ila, sai Bani Isra'ila suka tsinci kansu cikin kangi tsakanin kewaye da Fir'auna da sojojinsa da suka yi da kuma gaɓar teku, sai suka fara yi wa Musa (A.S) bore da nuna ɓancin ransu.

Sai Allah ya yi wa Musa wahayi ya umarce shi ya buga sandarsa kan teku. Musa (A.S) ya doka sanda kan sashen ruwan teku, take babu ɓata lokaci sai ruwan teku ya tsage gida biyu. Musa tare da Bani Isra'ila suka shiga cikin wannan teku a daidai lokacin da ƙasar cikin hanyar da aka samu cikin teku tana bushe gefan hagu da daman hanyar kuma ruwa ne ke kewaye da ita, daga ƙarshe dai Musa ya ƙetarar da baki ɗayan mutanen da suke tare da shi. Shi kuma Fir'auna da sojojinsa da suka biyo bayan Musa da Bani Isra'ila kuma su ma suka shiga wannan hanya cikin teku, baki ɗayansu sai suka nutse, suka mutu gawarwakinsu suka dinga yawo saman ruwan teku.

Da yawa-yawan malaman tafsiri suna da ra'ayin cewa tekun da Fir'aunoni suka nutse cikinsa, shi ne dai takun da ake kira da Bahar Maliya (Red Sea) a wannan zamani, amma wasu daga malaman tafsiri misalin Ɗabarsi a cikin littafin Majma'ul Bayan i sun tafi kan cewa tekun Nil ne.

Tserewar Bani Isra'ila Daga Misra Da Zuwa Teku

Bisa dogaro da madogarain tafsirin kur'ani, domin ceton Bani Isra'ila daga zaluncin Fir'auna Allah ya umarci Musa (A.S) da cikin dare ya tashi ya fitar Bani Isra'ila daga garin Misra.[1] Bayan labarin tserewar Bani Isra'ila ya zo kunnen Fir'auna , sai ya aika wasu mutane zuwa garuruwa daban-daban domin tattaro sojoji.[2] domin jefa tsoro da rauni cikin zukatan mutanen gari,[3] Fir'auna ya bayyana sojojinsa matsayin runduna masu yawan gaske da suka gama Shirin yaƙi, ya kuma siffanta Bani Isra'ila tsiraru da suka zama sanadiyyar fushinsa da sojojinsa.[4]

A ƙarshe, Fir'auna tare da sojojinsa sun bi bayan Bani Isra'ila domin su dawo da su Misra.[5] Sun samu nasarar cimmu su daidai lokacin hudowar rana, Bani Isra'ila sun tsinci kansu cikin ƙawanyar sojojin Fir'auna, a gefe guda kuma ga su gaban teku, da wannan dalili ne hantarsu ta fara kaɗawa suka tsinci kansu cikin matsananci tsoro da firgici, suka bayyana kansu matsayin mutanen da suke cikin bala'i.[6] A faɗin kur'ani, Musa (A.S) ya ce: samsam ba haka ba ne, lallai ubangijina yana tare da ni kuma da sannu zai shiryar da ni.[7] Abin da yake nufi da wannan magana an ce Allah ya yi wa Musa Alƙawari zai yi nasara kuma zai kuɓuta salin alin cikin lafiya.[8]

Mu'ujizar Buɗe Ruwan Teku

Labarin tseratar da Bani Isra'ila da kuma nutsewar Fir'auna cikin teku, ya zo cikin adadin wasu surori a kur'ani, daga jumlarsu A'araf Aya ta 136, Anfal aya ta 54, Isra'i aya ta 103, Shu'ara aya ta 63-66 da kuma Zukhruf aya ta 55.[9] Bisa aya ta 63 suratul Shu'ara, Allah ya yi wahayi ga Musa ya umarce shi ya buga sandarsa kan teku[10] domin hanya ta buɗe a tsakin teku su ƙetara su wuce ta wannan hanya ba tare da jin tsoron nutsewa ba da kuma bin sawunsu daga ɓangaren Fir'auna da sojojinsa.[11]

Bayan Musa (A.S) ya buga sandarsa kan teku, wani sashed aga ruwan tekun ya rabe gida biyu.[12] Ko wane sashe guda daga ruwan ya kasance kamar wani yanki daga ƙaton dutse.[13] Sai Musa tare da Bani Isra'ila suka shiga wannan hanya da aka samu cikin teku,[14] daidai lokacin ƙasar ƙasan hanyar da aka samu cikin teku tana bushe kuma ruwa daga geffa biyu yana kewaye da su.[15] A ƙarshe, Musa tare da baki ɗayan mutanen da suka taho tare da shi suka shigo cikin teku sun samu nasara wucewa daga ruwan teku,[16] Shi kuma Fir'auna da sojojinsa da suka bi bayan Musa da Bani Isra'ila sai suma suka shiga cikin tekun domin wucewa[17] sai dai kuma baki ɗayansu sun nutse cikin teku babu wanda ya tsira.[18]

Ba'arin malaman tafsiri daga jumlarsu Fadlu Bin Hassan Bin Fadlu Ɗabarsi, malamin tafsiri na Shi'a a ƙarni na shida, ya ambaci cewa bayan da Musa Ya buga sandarsa kan teku, hanyoyi goma sha biyu suka buɗe, ko wace ƙabila daga ƙabilun Bani Isra'ila suka zaɓi guda ɗaya suka wuce ta ciki.[19]

Ba'arin malamai sun yi bayani game da yaya a ɗabi'ance teku za ta dare gida biyu: Makarim Shirazi, malamin tafsiri na Shi'a ya tafi kan cewa tare da karɓar mas'alar mu'ujiza, kwata-kwata ma babu buƙatar tsayawa ana dogon bayani game da kasancewar hakan a ɗabi'ance, ya yi imani da cewa babu wata matsala kuma babu wani cikas da zai hana ruwa harhaɗe gefa guda bisa wani nau'in jazibiya (Graɓity Force) musamman ace bisa umarnin Allah, sannan daga baya wannan jazibiyya ya gushe.[20]

Nutsewar Fir'auna Da Rundunarsa

Bayan darewar ruwan teku da wucewar Bani Isra'ila ta cikinsa, Fir'auna da rundunarsa a ƙoƙarinsu na bin bayansu sai su ma suka shiga cikin teku; shigarsu ke da wuya sai ruwa ya koma yadda yake a baya, Fir'auna da sojojinsa suka nutse cikin teku.[21] Sai gawarwakin Fir'auna da sojojinsa suka taso saman ruwa, Bani Isra'ila suka gan su da idanunsu.[22] Kur'ani a cikin suratul baƙara ya yi bayanin wannan ƙissa kamar haka: "Sa'ad da muka buɗe teku saboda ku kuma muka tseratar da ku, a kan idanunku muka nutsar da Fir'auna da sojojinsa cikin teku".[23]

A cikin aya ta 92 suratul yunus an yi amfani da jumlar «نُنَجِّیکَ بِبَدَنِکَ (Za mu tsertar da gangar jikinka) kan Fir'auna.[24] Masshur na malaman tafsiri sun tafi kan cewa abin da ake nufi da gangar jiki a wannan aya shi ne gawar Fir'auna.[25] Bisa umarnin Allah ne gawar Fir'auna ta fito daga cikin teku.[26] Domin sauran mutane su ga gangar jikinsa.[27] Ba'ari sun tafi kan cewa abin da ake nufi daga jikin Fir'auna a wannan aya, shi ne garkuwarsa, wace Fir'auna yake sanye da ita, ita ce Allah ya fito da ita waje domin mutane su gane shi.[28] Kur'ani ya yi laka'ari da ceton gangar jikin Fir'auna daga ruwa matsayin darasi ga sauran mutane. Ba'arin malaman tafsiri sun tafi kan cewa wannan darasi ne ga Bani Isra'ila waɗanda suke yin musu da kuma ƙaryata labarin mutuwar Fir'auna.[29]

Kogin Nil Ko Tekun Bahar Maliya

Kur'ani ya yi amfani da kalmomi biyu kan ruwan da aka tsaga gida biyu ga Bani Isra'ila, kalmar Yammu[30] wace tana nufin teku[31] da kalmar Bahar[32] wace ita tana da ma'anar teku da kuma ruwa mai faɗi.[33] Muhammad Jawad Mugniyya, malamin tafsiri na Shi'a, yana da ra'ayin cewa da yawa-yawan malaman tafsiri sun tafi kan cewa tekun da aka buɗewa Bani Isra'ila wanda Sojojin Fir'auna suka nutse cikinsa, wani teku ne da a wannan zamani ake kiransa da sunan tekun Bahar Maliya (Red sea).[34] Wasu kuma misalin Ɗabarsi a cikin Majma'ul Bayan ya tafi kan cewa wannan teku ba wani teku bane face tekun Nil.[34]

A cikin Kur'ani kalmar Yammu da aka yi amfani da ita kan ruwa wanda aka jefa Musa (A.S) cikin lokacin yana yaro ƙarami, wasu malamai sun tafi kan cewa kogin Nil ne.[35]

Bayanin kula

  1. ↑ Magniyya, Tafsīr al-Kāshif, 1424 Hijira, Mujalladi na 5, Shafi na 498
  2. ↑ Magniyya, Tafsīr al-Kāshif, 1424 Hijira, Mujalladi na 5, Shafi na 498
  3. ↑ Makārim Shirāzī, Tafsīr-e Namūneh, 1374 S.K., Juzu’i na 15, Shafi na 237.
  4. ↑ Suratul Shu'arā’i (Ayoyi 54-56)
  5. ↑ Magniyya, Tafsīr al-Kāshif, 1424 Hijira, Mujalladi na 5, Shafi na 498
  6. ↑ al-Mīzān fī Tafsīr al-Qur’ān, 1417 Hijira, Juzu’i na 15, Shafi na 27
  7. ↑ Suratul Shu'arā’i – Ayah 62 a Hausa:
  8. ↑ arar 1417 Hijira, juzu’i na 15, shafi na 27
  9. ↑ Makāram Shirāzī, Tafsīr-e Namūneh, bugun shekarar 1374 Hijira ta Shamsiyya, juzu’i na 1, shafi na 250
  10. ↑ Suratul Shu'arā’i – Ayah 63
  11. ↑ Makāram Shirāzī, Tafsīr-e Namūneh, bugun shekarar 1374 Hijira ta Shamsiyya, juzu’i na 13, shafi na 257
  12. ↑ Ṭabāṭabā’ī, al-Mīzān fī Tafsīr al-Qur’ān, juzu’i na 15, shafuka 277 zuwa 278
  13. ↑ Faḍlullāh, Tafsīr Min Waḥy al-Qur’ān, bugun shekarar 1419 Hijira, juzu’i na 17, shafi na 119.
  14. ↑ Ṭabāṭabā’ī, al-Mīzān fī Tafsīr al-Qur’ān, juzu’i na 15, shafi na 278.
  15. ↑ Faḍlullāh, Tafsīr Min Waḥy al-Qur’ān, bugun shekarar 1419 Hijira, juzu’i na 17, shafi na 119
  16. ↑ Tafsīr al-Ṣāfī, juzu’i na 4, shafi na 37.
  17. ↑ سوره اسراء، آیه ۱۰۳.
  18. ↑ Ḥusaynī Hamadānī, Anwār-e Derakhshān, bugun shekarar 1404 Hijira, juzu’i na 8, shafi na 293
  19. ↑ Ṭabarsī, Majmaʿ al-Bayān fī Tafsīr al-Qur’ān, bugun shekarar 1372 Hijira ta Shamsiyya, juzu’i na 1, shafi na 229
  20. ↑ Makāram Shirāzī, Tafsīr-e Namūneh, bugun shekarar 1374 Hijira ta Shamsiyya, juzu’i na 15, shafi na 250.
  21. ↑ Ḥusaynī Hamadānī, Anwār-e Derakhshān, bugun shekarar 1404 Hijira, juzu’i na 8, shafi na 293
  22. ↑ Ḥusaynī Hamadānī, Anwār-e Derakhshān, bugun shekarar 1404 Hijira, juzu’i na 8, shafi na 293
  23. ↑ Makāram Shirāzī, Tafsīr-e Namūneh, bugun shekarar 1374 Hijira ta Shamsiyya, juzu’i na 1, shafi na 252
  24. ↑ Suratul Baqara – Ayah 50
  25. ↑ Suratul Yūnus – Ayah 92
  26. ↑ Makāram Shirāzī, Tafsīr-e Namūneh, bugun shekarar 1374 Hijira ta Shamsiyya, juzu’i na 8, shafi na 377
  27. ↑ Ḥusaynī Shīrāzī, Tabyīn al-Qur’ān, bugun shekarar 1423 Hijira, juzu’i na 1, shafi na 231
  28. ↑ Makāram Shirāzī, Tafsīr-e Namūneh, bugun shekarar 1374 Hijira ta Shamsiyya, juzu’i na 8, shafi na 377
  29. ↑ Qummī, Tafsīr al-Qummī, bugun shekarar 1404 Hijira, juzu’i na 1, shafi na 316
  30. ↑ Suratul Aʿrāf – Ayah 136
  31. ↑ Ibn Manẓūr, Lisān al-ʿArab, bugun shekarar 1414 Hijira, juzu’i na 12, shafi na 647; Fiūmī, al-Miṣbāḥ al-Munīr, bugu a Qum, juzu’i na 2, shafi na 68
  32. ↑ Suratul Aʿrāf (7:138) da Suratul Shuʿarā’ (26:63)
  33. ↑ Qarshī, Qāmūs al-Qur’ān, bugun shekarar 1371 Hijira ta Shamsiyya, juzu’i na 1, shafi na 162
  34. ↑ Ṭabarsī, Majmaʿ al-Bayān fī Tafsīr al-Qur’ān, bugun shekarar 1372 Hijira ta Shamsiyya, juzu’i na 4, shafi na 726.
  35. ↑ Sheikh Ṭūsī, al-Tibyān fī Tafsīr al-Qur’ān, bugun Beirut, juzu’i na 8, shafi na 131.

Nassoshi

  • Ibn Manẓūr – Lisān al-ʿArab (1414H)
  • Ḥusaynī Shīrāzī – Tabyīn al-Qur’ān (1423H):
  • Sheikh Ṭūsī – al-Tibyān (Bairut)
  • Ṭabāṭabā’ī – al-Mīzān (1417H)
  • Tabarsi, Fadl ibn Hassan, Majma’ al-Bayan fi Tafsir al-Quran, Gabatarwa: Muhammad Javad Balaghi, Tehran, Nasser Khosrow, bugu na 3, 1372.
  • Fadlallah, Sayyid Muhammad Hussein, Tafsir min Wahayi al-Quran, Beirut, Darul Malak na Bugawa da Bugawa, bugu na 2, 1419 Hijira.
  • Fayz Kashani, Malamhassan, Tafsir al-Safi, wanda Hussein A’alami ya yi bincike a Tehran, Sadr, bugu na biyu, 1415H.
  • Fayumi, Ahmad ibn Muhammad, Al-Misbah al-Munir, Kum, Dar al-Radi Publications, bugu na daya, Beta.
  • Qurayshi, Sayyid Ali Akbar, Qamus al-Quran, Tehran, Darul Kutb al-Islamiya, bugu na 6, 1371.
  • Qummi, Ali ibn Ibrahim, Tafsir Qummi, Sayyid Tayyib Musawi al-Jaza’iri, Qom, Darul Kutb al-Kutb, bugu na 3, 1404H.
  • Mughniyeh, Mohammad Javad, Tafsir al-Kashif, Tehran, Dar al-Kutb al-Islamiyyah, bugun farko, 1424H. * Makarem Shirazi, Nasser, Tafsir al-Namune, Tehran, Darul Kutb al-Islamiyyah, bugun farko, 1374H.
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