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Nikahush Shigar

Daga wikishia


Nikahush shigar, (Larabci: نكاح الشغار) nau'i ne daga aure a zamanin jahiliyya.[1] A irin nau'in wannan aure maza guda biyu za su aurar da ƴaƴansu mata guda biyu ko ƴan uwansu mata biyu ga junansu, ma'ana kowa wanne ya auri ɗaya, kuma ko wace guda za ta zauna matsayin sadakin ɗayar, wannan aure a mahangar Muslunci aure ne da ya haramta kuma bai inganta.[2] Cikin litattafan fiƙihu, an kira auren shigar da sunan auren da babu sadaki.[3]

A cewar Shahidus Sani, babban malamin fiƙihun Shi'a a ƙarni na 10 hijira ƙamari, haƙiƙa malaman imamiyya sun yi ijma'i kan rashin ingancin nikahush shigar.[4] Domin tabbatar da rashin ingancin wannan aure sun jingina da riwaya ta annabi wace cikin ta yake cewa «لا شِغار فی الاسلام؛ (Babu shigari a Muslunci).[5] Bisa fatawar Sahibul Jawahir (Rayuwa: 1255-1329 hijira ƙamari), babban malamin fiƙihu na Shi'a, duk wani aure da aka sanya wata mace matsayin sadaki ko kuma wani ɓangare ko sharaɗin sadaki, wannan aure ba shi da inganci.[6]

Cikin ƙasidar "Auren shigar a cikin fiƙihu da doka da tasirin da yake yi cikin rikice-rikicen dangi" ya zo cewa in banda mazhabar Hanafiyya, sauran mazhabobi huɗu na Ahlus-Sunna sun tafi kan rashin ingancin shigari (Sanya mace matsayin sadaki).[7] Abu Hanifa yana cewa dalilin haramcin shi ne gurɓatattun sharuɗɗan da suke tare da shi; kuma gurɓataccen sharaɗi ai ba ya da tasiri cikin aure, malamin ya yarda cewa auren wata mace ba zai iya zama sadaki ko sharaɗin sadaki ba, amma kuma ya yarda da cewa ta hanyar tilasta Mahrul Misli (Sadakin tsaraiku) za a iya warware matsalar nikahush shigar.[8]

Kan asasin ba'arin rahotanni, ana yin auren shigar a ba'arin yankuna wasu ƙasashe kamar ƙasar Astiraliya, Afrika, Afganistan, Indiya da Sumatra, haka na faruwa ne sakamakon talauci da rashin wadata da ikon biyan sadaki.[9]

Bayanin kula

  1. Ali, al-Mafsal fi Tarikh al-Arab Ƙablu al-Islam, 1391ƙ, juzu'i na 5, shafi na 537-538.
  2. Jeziri, Fiƙh Ala al-Mazaheb al-Arba, 1419ƙ, juzu'i. 4, shafi. 190.
  3. Ibn Hajar Asƙalani, Talkhis al-Habir, 1419ƙ, juzu'i. 3, shafi. 328.
  4. Shahid Thani, Al-Rawdha Al-Bahiyya, 1413ƙ, juzu'i. 5, shafi. 244; Najafi, Jawaher Al-Kalam, 1362SH, juzu'i. 30, shafi. 128.
  5. Hurr al-Amil, Wasa’il al-Shi’ah, 1416ƙ, juzu’i. 20, shafi. 303; Muslim bn al-Hajjaj, Sahih Muslim, 1412ƙ, juzu'i. 2, shafi. 1034.
  6. Najafi, Jawaher al-Kalam, 1362SH, juzu'i. 30, shafi. 130.
  7. Pohandwi, “Nikahe Shigar Dar Fiƙh Wa Ƙanune Wa Naƙshe An Dar Munaza'at Famili,” shafi na 55-56
  8. Jeziri, Fiƙh Ala al-Mazahebil al-Arba, 1419ƙ, juzu'i. 4, shafi. 191.
  9. Tarmanini, Azziwaju Indal Aabil Jahiliyya Wal-Islam, 1984M, shafi na 28; Pohandwi, “Nikahe Shigar Dar Fiƙh Wa Ƙanune Wa Naƙshe An Dar Munaza'at Famili,” shafi na 55-56.

Nassoshi

  • Ibn Hajar Asƙlani, Talkhisul Al-Hubair Fi Takhrijil Ahadisir Al-Rafi Al-Kabeer, babu sunan wuri, Mawallafar Gidan Littattafan Ilimi., bugu na daya, 1419ƙ.
  • Fuhandawi Abdul Majid Samim,«نکاح شغار در فقه و قانون و نقش آن در منازعات فامیلی»، (Auren Shighar a Fiƙhu da Doka, da rawar da yake takawa a rikice‑rikicen iyali) Mujallar Binciken Kimiyya ta Kwata-kwata ta Cibiyar Ilimi Mai Zaman Kanta ta Ghalib, Shekara ta 4, Fitowa ta 1, bazara ta 2015M.
  • Ali, Jawad, Al-Mufassil Fi Tarikh Al-Arab ƙabal-Salam (Juzu'i na 5), ​​Beirut, Wallafar Dar Al-Ilm Lal-Mala'in, 1391ƙ.
  • Jaziri, Abdul Rahman, Fikihu Akan Mazhabobin Tunani Hudu (Juzu'i na 4), Beirut, Wallafar -Thaƙlain, 1419ƙ.
  • Ƙungiyar Marubuta, Al-Musawwa’ah Al-Faƙih Al-Kuwaitiyyah (Juzu'i na 41), Kuwait, Ma'aikatar Waƙaƙa da Al'amuran Musulunci, 1404ƙ-1427ƙ.
  • Muslim bin Hajjaj, Muslim, Sahih Muslim (Juzu'i na 2), Alkahira, wallafar Gidan Hadith, 1412ƙ.
  • Najafi, Mohammad Hassan, Jawaher al-Kalam (Juzu'i na 30), Mahmoud ƙuchani, Beirut,Gidan Rayar da Gadon Al’adun Larabawa, bugu na 7, 1362SH.
  • Shahid Thani, ZaynulDin bin Ali, Al-Rawdah Al-Bahiya Fi Sharh Al-Lama’ah Al-Damshaƙiyyah (Juzu'i na 5), ​​Qom, Ofishin Al-Dawari, 1410ƙ.
  • Tarmanini, Abdul Salam, A Azziwaju Indal Aabil Jahiliyya Wal-Islam, Kuwait, Mabugar Duniya ta Ilimi, 1984M.