Daƙiƙa:Rigar Usman
Rigar Usman ana nufin rigar Usman Bin Affan da aka jiƙa da jini bayan kashe shi a shekara ta 35H. Wannan riga ta zama alama ta ɗaukar fansar jinin Usman, kuma misali ce ta yadda Mu'awiya Bin Abi Sufyan ya yi amfani da kisan Usman ta fuskar siyasa[1] domin samun mulki.[2]
A cewar majiyoyin tarihi, bayan kashe Usman, Amru Bin Asi ya ba Mu'awiya shawara cewa ya yi amfani da wannan lamari wajen kiran mutanen Sham zuwa ɗaukar fansar jinin Usman, ya kuma jingina alhakin kashe shi ga Ali Bin Abi Ɗalib (A.S),[3] sannan ya yi yaƙi da shi tare da taimakon mutanen Sham.[4]Masana tarihi sun bayyana cewa Nu'uman Bin Bashir ya kai rigar Usman jike da jini tare da yatsun da aka sare na Na'ila, matar Usman, wadda ta ji rauni a lokacin da take kare shi, zuwa Sham. Mu'awiya ya rataye su a saman mimbari,[5] kuma rigar Usman ta ci gaba da kasancewa a kan mimbari kusan shekara guda. Bisa ga rahotanni, wannan mataki ya sa mutanen Sham suka yi zaman makoki, ya yaɗa taken neman fansar jinin Usman, kuma ya tayar da hankulan jama'a.[6] Ibn Kasir, masanin tarihin Ahlus-Sunna, shi ma ya ruwaito cewa Mu'awiya da wasu daga cikin Sahabbai da Tabi'ai sun yi amfani da wannan lamari wajen ƙarfafa mutane su nemi fansar jinin Usman.[7]
A cewar masana tarihi, lokacin da wasu mutane suka kira Mu'awiya zuwa yin mubaya'a ga Imam Ali (A.S), ya yi iƙirarin cewa Ali (A.S) ba shi da hannu marar laifi gaba ɗaya a cikin kisan Usman, kuma idan haka ne, to ya kamata ya miƙa masu kisan Usman domin daga baya a yanke hukunci game da batun halifanci.[8] A gefe guda kuma, Ali Bin Abi Ɗalib (A.S) ya bayyana a cikin wasiƙarsa zuwa ga Mu'awiya cewa neman fansar jinin Usman ba ita ce ainihin manufarsa ba, sai dai wata hanya da ya yi amfani da ita domin cimma manufofinsa na duniya.[9]
An kawo labarin Rigar Usman tare da wasu bambance-bambance a cikin litattafai kamar Tarikhul Rusul Wa Al-Muluk,[10] Tarikhu Madinati Dimashƙa[11] da Al-Bidaya Wan Nihaya.[12] Bisa ga waɗannan majiyoyi, farfagandar Mu'awiya wadda ta ta'allaƙa kan neman fansar jinin Usman ta taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen tara rundunar Sham, samuwar arangama da rundunar Imam Ali (A.S), da kuma ƙarshe aukuwar Yaƙin Siffin a shekara ta 37H.[13]
A adabin harshen Farisanci, Rigar Usman ko yin rigar Usman ya koma karin magana da ake amfani da ita wajen nufin mayar da wani haƙƙi ko wani lamari abin jingina domin cimma wata manufa ta siyasa ko ta kankin kai.[14]
Bayanin kula
- ↑ Ibn Sa'ad, Attaƙatul Kubra, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 22; Ɗabari, Tarikhuɗ Ɗabari, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 561.
- ↑ Sha'arawi, Tafsir Ash-Sha'arawi, juzu'i na 11, shafi na 6889.
- ↑ Don haka ku duba misali: Ibn Muzahim, Waƙ'atu Siffin, shafi na 60; Dinawari, Akhbar Al-Ɗiwal, shafuffuka na 194–198.
- ↑ Ibn Ɗaƙɗaƙi, Al-Fakhru fi al-Adab al-Sulɗaniyya wa al-Duwal al-Islamiyya, shafi na 90.
- ↑ Ɗabari, Tarikhuɗ Ɗabari, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 561.
- ↑ Ɗabari, Tarikhuɗ Ɗabari, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 561.
- ↑ Ibn Kasir, Al-Bidaya wan Nihaya, juzu'i na 7, shafi na 227.
- ↑ Ibn Muzahim, Waƙ'atu Siffin, shafi na 271.
- ↑ Dinawari, Akhbar Al-Ɗiwal, shafi na 163.
- ↑ Ɗabari, Tarikhuɗ Ɗabari, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 561.
- ↑ Ibn Asakir, Tarikhu Dimashƙa, juzu'i na 39, shafi na 379.
- ↑ Ibn Kasir, Al-Bidaya wan Nihaya, juzu'i na 7, shafi na 227.
- ↑ Ibn Ɗaƙɗaƙi, Al-Fakhru fi al-Adab al-Sulɗaniyya wa al-Duwal al-Islamiyya, shafi na 90.
- ↑ Dehkhuda, Amsal wa Hikam, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 19, ƙarƙashin kalmar «Pirahane Usman Kardan».
Nassoshi
- Dehkhuda, Ali Akbar, Amsal wa Hikam, Tehran, Amir Kabir, 1363Sh.
- Dinawari, Ahmad Bin Dawud, Akhbar Al-Ɗiwal, bincike na Amir, Muhammad Abdul-Mun'im, da Shiyal, Jamal al-Din, Qum, Mawallafar al-Sharif al-Radi, bugu na farko, 1373Sh.
- Ibn Asakir, Ali Bin Hasan, Tarikhu Madinati Dimashƙa wa Zikri Fadliha wa Tasmiyat Man Halla Biha min al-Amasil Aw Ijtaza Bi-Nawahiha min Waridiha wa Ahliha, Beirut, Dar al-Fikr, 1415H.
- Ibn Kasir, Isma'il Bin Umar, Al-Bidaya wan Nihaya, Beirut, Dar al-Fikr, 1407H/1986M.
- Ibn Muzahim, Nasr, Waƙ'atu Siffin, fassarar Parwiz Atabaki, Tehran, Mawallafar Amuzish Inƙilabe Islami, bugu na biyu, 1370Sh.
- Ibn Sa'ad, Muhammad Bin Sa'ad, Attaƙatul Kubra, bincike na Muhammad Abdul-Ƙadir Ata, Beirut, Darul Kutubil Ilmiyya, bugu na farko, 1410H.
- Ibn Ɗaƙɗaƙi, Muhammad Bin Ali, Al-Fakhru fi al-Adab al-Sulɗaniyya wa al-Duwal al-Islamiyya Beirut, Dar Sadir, babu kwanan wata.
- Sha'arawi, Muhammad Mutawalli, «تفسير الشعراوي» (Tafsir Ash-Sha'arawi), shafin Maktabat Ahle Baiti, ranart ziyara 15 Satumba 2026M.
- Ɗabari, Muhammad Bin Jarir, Tarikhuɗ Ɗabari: Tarikh al-Umam wa al-Muluk, Leiden, 1879M.