Idul Ghadir

Ranar Ghadir dai shi ne ranar 18 ga Zul-Hijja kuma yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan bukukuwan ‘yan Shi’a , wanda ranar ne aka nada Imam Ali (a.s.) a matsayin magajin Manzon Allah (s.a.w.). An ruwaito Hadisan Manzon Allah (SAW) da Imamai (SAW) game da falalar wannan rana. Haka nan kuma a wannan rana an yi umarni da aiyuka kamar azumi, karanta ziyarar Ghadir da ciyar da muminai 'Yan Shi'a na murnar wannan rana. Ana bada hutun ranar Ghadir a hukumance a ƙasar Iran, kuma al'ummar ƙasar na zuwa ziyara gidajen sharifai a wannan rana.

LABARIN ABINDA YAFARU A RANAR

Manzon Allah (s.a.w) ya tashi daga Madina zuwa Makka a Zul-Qa'dah shekara ta 10 bayan hijira tare da dubban jama'a don yin aikin Hajji, bayan kammala aikin Hajji sai ya ɗau hanyar garin Madina tare da Musulmi,suna isa wani guri da ake kira Ghadir Khum a ranar 18 ga Zul- Hijja [3] Jibrilu ya sauka bisa umarnin Allah ga Annabi (SAW)kuma ya umurci Manzon Allah (S.A.W) da ya gabatar da Ali (a.s) ga mutane a matsayin magajinsa[4].dan haka yatara mahajjata kuma ya gabatar da Ali (a.s) a matsayin magajinsa ɗin [5].

FALALAR RANAR GHADIR

Dangane da falalar ranar Ghadir, an ruwaito wasu hadisai daga ma'asumai kamar:

• Annabi (SAW) yana cewa: Ranar Ghadir khum ita ce mafificiyar Idin al’ummata kuma ita ce ranar da Allah Ya kammala addini kuma ya cika ni’ima ga al’ummata, ya kuma amince da Musulunci a matsayin addininsu.[6]
• Imam Sadik (a.s.): Ghadir shi ne idi mafi girma da ɗaukaka ga musulmi, wanda ya cancanci godiya ga Allah a kowace sa’a kuma mutane su yi azumin godiya a ranar , domin azumin wannan rana yana daidai da ibadar shekara sittin[7]

• Imam Sadik (a.s) ya ce: “Ranar Ghadirakhm ita ce babbar Idin Allah, Allah bai aiko wani Annabi ba, face sai ya riƙi wannan rana a matsayin Idi kuma ya gane girmanta da falalarta , wato duk Annabawan Allah Sun shaida da wan nan rana tin kafin zuwanta. kuma Allah ya sanya wa wannan rana suna a sama, ranar alkawari da yarjejeniya a kan ƙasa, kuma duk wanda yazoyarci hajjatul wada'a ya shaida hakan.
• Imam Rida (a.s) yana cewa: “Ranar Ghadir ta fi shahara a tsakanin mutanen sama fiye da mutanen duniya... Da mutane sun san ƙimar wannan rana kuma sun riƙeta sunyi aiki da abinda aka faɗa a ranar da babu shakka Mala’iku sun yi musabaha da su sau goma a kowace rana. rana." [9]

MURNA DA RANAR GHADIR

Hassan bin sabit shi ne mutum na farko a gaban Manzon Allah (S.A.W) a ranar Ghadir daya fara tashi yaya murna da wannan rana a cikin jama'ar musulmi da suka halarci Ghadir Khum kuma ya karanta waƙoƙinsa da ya rubuta da izinin manzon Allah [11]. Kamar yadda aka ruwaito a cikin Bihar al-Anwar daga Fayad bin Muhammad bin Umar ɗusi, Imam Rida (a.s) ya ɗauki ranar Ghadir a matsayin Idi. Yana azumi kuma yayi buɗa baki tare da sahabban sa , da kuma aika abinci da kyaututtuka ga iyalansu[12] Masoudi masanin tarihi na ƙarni na hudu ya rubuta a cikin littafin dur Al-Tanbih wal-Ashraf cewa ‘ya’ya da ‘yan Shi’ar Imam. Ali (A.S) suna girmama wannan rana 13] Kulini (ya rasu a shekara ta 328 bayan hijira), shi ma me rawaito hadisi na ƙarni na 4, ya ruwaito cewa ‘yan Shi’a suna biki a wan nan rana[14]. Domin nuna muhimmancin wannan idi, gwamnatin Al-Buyeh ta ayyana shi a matsayin ranar hutu tare da ƙarfafa gwiwar hukumomin gwamnati da jama'a wajen gudanar da bukukuwa da kuma ƙawata garuruwa, [15] suna yin amfani da ganguna da kakaki wajen bukukuwan. suna zuwa gurare masu daraja su yi Sallar rakaa biyu ta godiya.su yanka rakuma , da dare sai su kunna wuta a tsakar gida su yi murna[16]. Gardizi ya kawo a littafin sa wannan rana a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin manyan ranaku na Musulunci da bukukuwan ‘yan Shi’a[17]. A Kasar misra, khalifofin zamanin daular faɗimiyya suna girmama ranar har suna hutu a hukumance , A ƙasar Irantun shekara ta 907 miladiyya lokacin da Shah Ismail Safavi ya hau karagar mulki, Ghadir ya kasance hutu a hukumance. A shekara ta 487 bayan hijira, Anwa Mustali bin Mostanser (daya daga cikin sarakunan Masar) mubaya'a a ranar Ghadir[18].

Haka nan malaman Sunna sun bayyana cewa Ghadeer Kham idi ne, kamar: Nasibi Shafi'i a cikin littafin Al-Sawul: Lokacin da Manzon Allah (SAW) ya dawo daga Hajjatul Wada' a ranar 18 ga watan Zul Hijjah, ya kasance a wani wuri (tafkin Ghadir/ruwa) tsakanin Makkah da Madina, wanda ake ce masa Khum anan yacewa mutane duk wanda nake maulansa to Alima maulansane , shi kanshi imam Ali (A.S)yayi wata waƙa ya ambaci sunan Ghadir Khum , Kuma daganan wannan rana ta zama Idi. Kuma ya zama lokaci da wurin da jama’a ke taruwa, domin kuwa lokaci ne da Manzon Allah tsira da amincin Allah su tabbata a gare shi ya ɗora Ali a kan wannan matsayi mai girma,wanda be sanya ko ɗaya daga cikin mutane a wannan matsayi ba [19] [Lura ta 1] Ibn Khalkan ya rubuta a cikin littafin wafayatul-Ayan a cikin tarihin mubaya’a da Mustali dan Mostansir cewa ya yi masa mubaya’a ne a ranar 18 ga Zul-Hijja, wato ranar Idi -Ghadir Khum. [20] Ghadir biki ne na hukuma a Iran [21] Haka nan kuma Idin Ghadir hutu ne na hukuma a wasu garuruwan Iraƙi kamar Karbala, Najaf da ziƙar. Haka nan ‘yan Shi’a suna ganin daren Idin Ghadir a matsayin babban dare kuma suna raya daren[22].